Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
J Affect Disord. 2024 Jan 15;345:272-283. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.138. Epub 2023 Oct 26.
This study aims to estimate the pre-COVID-19 pandemic prevalence of mild, major depressive symptoms, and suicide ideation among U.S. adults and evaluate their correlates and racial/ethnic disparities.
This is a cross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative sample of adults ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey study 2017-2020 Pre-Pandemic. Overall and racial/ethnic-specific weighted prevalence and 95%CI of mild and major depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 were calculated. Multivariable logistic regression modelings were used to examine overall and racial/ethnic-specific correlates.
Data on 7917 US adults (Weighted N = 210,200,829; 51.8 % females) were analyzed. The prevalence of mild, major depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation was 8.5 %, 16.5 %, and 3.2 %, respectively. Overall, consistent correlates for all three conditions included smoking, short/long sleep duration, and obesity. Females, non-Hispanic Blacks, low family-poverty-income ratio, prolonged sitting time, and a history of cardiovascular disease were consistent correlates for mild and major depressive symptoms. Younger age, never married/living without a partner, physical inactivity, drinking alcohol, and a history of diabetes were related to major depressive symptoms. Never married/living without a partner and having a low family-poverty-income ratio correlate with suicide ideation. Having cancer diagnosis was only negatively associated with major depressive symptoms in non-Hispanic Blacks. Females, current smoking, short/long sleep duration, and having cardiovascular disease were correlated with suicidal ideation among Hispanics.
The prevalence of mild, major depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation were high among U.S. adults. Unique correlates were identified among different racial and ethnic groups.
本研究旨在估计美国成年人在 COVID-19 大流行前轻度、重度抑郁症状和自杀意念的流行情况，并评估其相关因素和种族/民族差异。
这是一项对 2017-2020 年大流行前全国健康和营养检查调查研究中 20 岁及以上成年人的全国代表性样本进行的横断面分析。通过患者健康问卷-9 评估轻度和重度抑郁症状和自杀意念的总体和种族/民族特异性加权患病率和 95%置信区间。使用多变量逻辑回归模型来研究总体和种族/民族特异性相关性。
对 7917 名美国成年人（加权 N=210200829；女性占 51.8%）的数据进行了分析。轻度、重度抑郁症状和自杀意念的患病率分别为 8.5%、16.5%和 3.2%。总体而言，所有三种情况的一致相关因素包括吸烟、短/长睡眠时间和肥胖。女性、非西班牙裔黑人、低家庭贫困收入比、久坐时间延长和心血管疾病史是轻度和重度抑郁症状的一致相关因素。年龄较小、未婚/无伴侣、身体活动不足、饮酒和糖尿病史与重度抑郁症状相关。未婚/无伴侣和家庭贫困收入比低与自杀意念相关。非西班牙裔黑人中，癌症诊断仅与重度抑郁症状呈负相关。女性、当前吸烟、短/长睡眠时间和患有心血管疾病与西班牙裔人群的自杀意念相关。
美国成年人中轻度、重度抑郁症状和自杀意念的患病率较高。不同种族和民族群体存在独特的相关因素。
