College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, 123-105 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N5E4, Canada.
BMC Oral Health. 2023 Oct 29;23(1):822. doi: 10.1186/s12903-023-03577-9.
The oral health status of an individual can dramatically influence quality of life. Most individuals in Canada report having good oral health, however, this is not true for individuals with developmental disabilities such as fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). The purpose of this study is to compare the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of individuals with FASD and the general population in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. Additionally, it aims to suggest ways to improve the oral health status and OHRQoL of these individuals.
For this cross-sectional study, the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) survey was used to assess the impact that oral health related problems can have on an individual's quality life. This study used a cross-sectional cohort study design with a survey methodology. The sample population compromised of 154 individuals with FASD along with a separate control group of 154 otherwise healthy adults.
The results of the study showed that most of the individuals in the FASD group experienced pain in the past month. In both groups, cost was most frequently cited as a barrier to accessing care. The majority of individuals in the control group experienced a low impact across all OHIP-14 domains except for physical disabilities. However, in the FASD group, most individuals experienced higher impact scores in some of the categories including functional limitation, psychological discomfort, psychological disability and handicap.
The findings clearly demonstrate that there is a discernible effect on an individual's quality of life if they have poor oral health. In conclusion, further research is required to determine the most effective methods to improve the OHRQoL of individuals with disabilities.
个体的口腔健康状况会极大地影响生活质量。加拿大的大多数人都报告自己口腔健康状况良好，但对于患有发育障碍的个体，如胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD），情况并非如此。本研究的目的是比较萨斯卡通市 FASD 患者和一般人群的口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）。此外，还旨在提出改善这些人群口腔健康状况和 OHRQoL 的方法。
本横断面研究采用口腔健康影响量表-14（OHIP-14）调查评估口腔健康相关问题对个体生活质量的影响。本研究采用横断面队列研究设计和调查方法。样本人群包括 154 名 FASD 患者和 154 名健康成年人对照组。
研究结果表明，FASD 组的大多数个体在过去一个月内经历过疼痛。在两个组中，费用都是获得护理的最大障碍。对照组的大多数个体在除身体残疾外的所有 OHIP-14 领域的体验评分都较低。然而，在 FASD 组中，大多数个体在某些类别中经历了更高的影响评分，包括功能受限、心理不适、心理残疾和障碍。
研究结果清楚地表明，如果个体口腔健康状况不佳，会对其生活质量产生明显影响。总之，需要进一步研究以确定改善残疾个体 OHRQoL 的最有效方法。
