Chen Siyuan, Jiang Weibo, Du Yanhui, Yang Manshi, Pan Yihan, Li Huan, Cui Mengying
Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Department of Orthopaedic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Front Genet. 2023 Oct 12;14:1276959. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1276959. eCollection 2023.
Single-cell sequencing (SCS) technology is changing our understanding of cellular components, functions, and interactions across organisms, because of its inherent advantage of avoiding noise resulting from genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity across numerous samples. By directly and individually measuring multiple molecular characteristics of thousands to millions of single cells, SCS technology can characterize multiple cell types and uncover the mechanisms of gene regulatory networks, the dynamics of transcription, and the functional state of proteomic profiling. In this context, we conducted systematic research on SCS techniques, including the fundamental concepts, procedural steps, and applications of scDNA, scRNA, scATAC, scCITE, and scSNARE methods, focusing on the unique clinical advantages of SCS, particularly in cancer therapy. We have explored challenging but critical areas such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs), lineage tracing, tumor heterogeneity, drug resistance, and tumor immunotherapy. Despite challenges in managing and analyzing the large amounts of data that result from SCS, this technique is expected to reveal new horizons in cancer research. This review aims to emphasize the key role of SCS in cancer research and promote the application of single-cell technologies to cancer therapy.
单细胞测序（SCS）技术正在改变我们对生物体细胞组成、功能及相互作用的理解，因为它具有避免众多样本中基因型和表型异质性所产生噪音的固有优势。通过直接且单独地测量数千至数百万个单细胞的多种分子特征，SCS技术能够对多种细胞类型进行表征，并揭示基因调控网络机制、转录动态以及蛋白质组学分析的功能状态。在此背景下，我们对SCS技术进行了系统研究，包括scDNA、scRNA、scATAC、scCITE和scSNARE方法的基本概念、操作步骤及应用，重点关注SCS独特的临床优势，尤其是在癌症治疗方面。我们探索了诸如循环肿瘤细胞（CTC）、谱系追踪、肿瘤异质性、耐药性和肿瘤免疫治疗等具有挑战性但至关重要的领域。尽管在管理和分析SCS产生的大量数据方面存在挑战，但该技术有望为癌症研究开辟新视野。本综述旨在强调SCS在癌症研究中的关键作用，并推动单细胞技术在癌症治疗中的应用。
