Developmental Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
Cellular Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
Development. 2023 Nov 15;150(22). doi: 10.1242/dev.202305. Epub 2023 Nov 20.
Neuronal differentiation is regulated by neuronal activity. Here, we analyzed dendritic and axonal growth of Basket cells (BCs) and non-Basket cells (non-BCs) using sparse transfection of channelrhodopsin-YFP and repetitive optogenetic stimulation in slice cultures of rat visual cortex. Neocortical interneurons often display axon-carrying dendrites (AcDs). We found that the AcDs of BCs and non-BCs were, on average, the most complex dendrites. Further, the AcD configuration had an influence on BC axonal development. Axons originating from an AcD formed denser arborizations with more terminal endings within the dendritic field of the parent cell. Intriguingly, this occurred already in unstimulated BCs, and complexity was not increased further by optogenetic stimulation. However, optogenetic stimulation exerted a growth-promoting effect on axons emerging from BC somata. The axons of non-BCs neither responded to the AcD configuration nor to the optogenetic stimulation. The results suggest that the formation of locally dense BC plexuses is regulated by spontaneous activity. Moreover, in the AcD configuration, the AcD and the axon it carries mutually support each other's growth.
神经元的分化受神经元活动的调节。在这里，我们使用稀疏转染通道视紫红质-YFP 和在大鼠视觉皮层的切片培养物中重复光遗传刺激来分析篮状细胞 (BC) 和非篮状细胞 (non-BC) 的树突和轴突生长。新皮层中间神经元通常具有携带轴突的树突 (AcD)。我们发现，BC 和 non-BC 的 AcD 平均是最复杂的树突。此外，AcD 结构对 BC 轴突发育有影响。源自 AcD 的轴突在母细胞的树突场内形成更密集的分支，并有更多的末端。有趣的是，这种情况在未受刺激的 BC 中已经发生，并且光遗传刺激并没有进一步增加复杂性。然而，光遗传刺激对源自 BC 胞体的轴突有促进生长的作用。non-BC 的轴突既不响应 AcD 结构，也不响应光遗传刺激。结果表明，局部密集的 BC 丛的形成受自发活动的调节。此外，在 AcD 结构中，AcD 和携带它的轴突相互支持彼此的生长。
