Physick-Sheard P W
Can J Vet Res. 1986 Oct;50(4):457-70.
The objective of the study was to examine the career profile of the average racehorse in order to establish normal values for performance. Records of race performance for a population of 762 horses randomly-selected from the 1972 registrations of the Canadian Standardbred Horse Society were summarized to provide annual statistics for number of races, money won, and times for the mile (race times) over the period 1974 to 1983 inclusive. Results were analyzed to determine the influence of sex, gait, age, and year of the first race. The transformation log (1 + X) was used to achieve normality where necessary. The 95% confidence interval for the mean (mean range) for career total for number of races was 21.8 to 69.6. Of the horses which raced, 30% raced 20 or fewer times, 29% raced more than 100 times. Females raced significantly less often than either males or geldings (p less than 0.001), pacers significantly more often than trotters (p less than 0.01). Regardless of the age at which they first competed all horses were raced lightly in their first race year. Mean range for career total for money won was $2,212 to $2,798 (n = 507). Of 507 horses which raced, 65.8% earned less than $10,000, 6.3% more than $50,000. Trotting geldings had the highest mean money won, mean range $2,448 to $38,105. Mean range for money won per race for all horses racing was $67.77 to $74.51. Overall, 58% of horses earned less than $100 per race, 4.5% over $500. Only 4.5% of horses racing met their immediate training expenses. Increase in age at first race was associated with highly significant and progressive reductions in career races, money won, and money won per race. Of 507 horses which raced, 409 or 80% won at least one race and thus acquired an official winning time or mark. Population mean for career mark was 2.126 min (2.07.3.). Population trend in mean mark was for progressive improvement over the ten year racing period amounting to 0.0968 min or 5.81 s. The average horse achieved its best winning time 2.55 years after starting racing, at a mean age of 5.27 years. The results suggest that the best nonwinning time may be a better indicator of potential than the best winning time. For the average as opposed to the superlative horse, number of races appears to be of greater importance than speed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
该研究的目的是考察普通赛马的职业生涯概况，以便确定表现的正常值。对从加拿大标准赛马协会1972年注册马匹中随机挑选的762匹马的比赛成绩记录进行了汇总，以提供1974年至1983年（含）期间比赛次数、奖金收入和一英里比赛时间（比赛用时）的年度统计数据。对结果进行分析，以确定性别、步态、年龄和首次参赛年份的影响。在必要时使用变换对数(1 + X)来实现数据正态分布。比赛次数职业生涯总数的均值的95%置信区间为21.8至69.6。参赛马匹中，30%参赛20次或更少，29%参赛超过100次。母马参赛次数明显少于公马或去势公马（p小于0.001），快步马参赛次数明显多于慢步马（p小于0.01）。无论首次参赛年龄如何，所有马匹在首个比赛年份的参赛次数都很少。奖金收入职业生涯总数的均值范围为2212美元至2798美元（n = 507）。在507匹参赛马中，65.8%的奖金收入低于10000美元，6.3%超过50000美元。慢步去势公马的平均奖金收入最高，均值范围为2448美元至38105美元。所有参赛马每场比赛的奖金收入均值范围为67.77美元至74.51美元。总体而言，58%的马匹每场比赛收入低于100美元，4.5%超过500美元。只有4.5%的参赛马能够支付其直接训练费用。首次参赛年龄的增加与职业生涯比赛次数、奖金收入和每场比赛奖金收入的显著且逐步减少有关。在507匹参赛马中，409匹（即80%）至少赢得过一场比赛，因此获得了官方获胜时间或成绩。职业生涯成绩的总体均值为2.126分钟（2分07.3秒）。在十年的比赛期间，成绩均值呈逐步改善趋势，总计提高了0.0968分钟或5.81秒。普通马匹在开始比赛2.55年后达到最佳获胜时间，平均年龄为5.27岁。结果表明，对于普通马匹而非顶级马匹来说，最佳非获胜时间可能比最佳获胜时间更能体现其潜力。对于普通马匹而言，比赛次数似乎比速度更为重要。（摘要截选至400字）
