Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada; University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, 1145 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON K1Z 7K4, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; Mental Health and Well-being Research and Training Hub, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
Addict Behav. 2024 Feb;149:107894. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107894. Epub 2023 Oct 28.
We examined the co-occurring patterns of problem gambling and substance/behavioral addiction severity over a five-year period and the predictors of the different co-occurring patterns of problem gambling and addiction severity.
We conducted a secondary analysis of the Quinte Longitudinal Study (QLS) data. The QLS is a 5-year prospective longitudinal study of gambling and problem gambling in the Quinte Region in Southern Ontario. The QLS consists of a total of 4,121 participants, including a sample of participants at risk of developing problem gambling. Severity of problem gambling, substance use, and behavioral addictions were used to examine their co-occurring patterns over time. Predictors of the co-occurring patterns included the presence of mental health disorders, personality, stress, happiness, lifesatisfaction, social support, family history, and demographics.
Six co-occurring patterns of problem gambling and addiction severity were identified. The largest co-occurring pattern was characterized by concurrent decrease in gambling and other addictive behaviors. Several co-occurring patterns were characterized by moderate-to-severe problem gambling and other addiction severity that remained stable over time. No co-occurring pattern represented a decrease in gambling followed by increase in other addictive behaviors (e.g., addiction substitution). The presence of mental health disorders, stress, and lifesatisfaction significantly predicted the different co-occurring patterns.
Taken together, the results suggest that in a non-clinical sample, gambling and other co-occurring addictive behaviors are likely to simultaneously decrease over time. Comorbidity of mental health disorders significantly influences co-occurring patterns of gambling and other addictive behaviors.
我们考察了问题赌博和物质/行为成瘾严重程度在五年内的同时出现模式，以及不同问题赌博和成瘾严重程度同时出现模式的预测因素。
我们对昆特纵向研究（QLS）数据进行了二次分析。QLS 是安大略省南部昆特地区赌博和问题赌博的一项为期 5 年的前瞻性纵向研究。QLS 共有 4121 名参与者，包括有发展问题赌博风险的参与者样本。使用问题赌博、物质使用和行为成瘾的严重程度来检查它们随时间的同时出现模式。同时出现模式的预测因素包括心理健康障碍、人格、压力、幸福感、生活满意度、社会支持、家族史和人口统计学。
确定了六种问题赌博和成瘾严重程度的同时出现模式。最大的同时出现模式的特征是赌博和其他成瘾行为同时减少。几个同时出现模式的特征是中度至重度问题赌博和其他成瘾严重程度随时间保持稳定。没有同时出现模式代表赌博减少后其他成瘾行为增加（例如，成瘾替代）。心理健康障碍、压力和生活满意度的存在显著预测了不同的同时出现模式。
总的来说，结果表明，在非临床样本中，赌博和其他同时出现的成瘾行为可能会随时间同时减少。心理健康障碍的合并症显著影响赌博和其他成瘾行为的同时出现模式。
