Department of Nephrology, Labbafinezhad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Molecular Immunology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Curr Diabetes Rev. 2024;21(1):e061123223172. doi: 10.2174/0115733998267893231016062205.
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), the leading cause of end-stage renal disease, has no definite treatment so far. In fact, a combination of metabolic, hemodynamic, and immunological factors are involved in the pathogenesis of DN; therefore, effective disease management requires a holistic approach to all predisposing contributors. Due to the recent findings about the role of inflammation in the initiation and progression of kidney injury in diabetic patients and considerable advances in immunotherapy methods, it might be useful to revise and reconsider the current knowledge of the potential of immunomodulation in preventing and attenuating DN. In this review, we have summarized the findings of add-on therapeutic methods that have concentrated on regulating inflammatory responses in diabetic nephropathy, including phosphodiesterase inhibitors, nuclear factor-kB inhibitors, Janus kinase inhibitors, chemokine inhibitors, anti-cytokine antibodies, cell therapy, and vaccination.
糖尿病肾病（DN）是终末期肾病的主要原因，目前尚无明确的治疗方法。事实上，代谢、血流动力学和免疫因素的综合作用参与了 DN 的发病机制；因此，有效的疾病管理需要对所有易患因素采取全面的方法。由于最近发现炎症在糖尿病患者肾脏损伤的发生和进展中的作用，以及免疫治疗方法的显著进展，重新审视和重新考虑免疫调节在预防和减轻 DN 中的潜在作用可能是有用的。在这篇综述中，我们总结了集中调节糖尿病肾病炎症反应的附加治疗方法的研究结果，包括磷酸二酯酶抑制剂、核因子-kB 抑制剂、Janus 激酶抑制剂、趋化因子抑制剂、抗细胞因子抗体、细胞治疗和疫苗。
