Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, China.
Clin Exp Optom. 2024 Aug;107(6):657-664. doi: 10.1080/08164622.2023.2277291. Epub 2023 Nov 8.
The morphological characteristics of the optic nerve head (ONH) in myopic eyes are a clinically significant issue, especially for high myopia in school-aged children, and this can be monitored using optical coherence tomography.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the morphological characteristics of ONH, and the factors associated with peripapillary choroidal thickness in Chinese school-aged high myopia children.
A total of 48 patients, possessing 48 high myopia eyes and 48 contralateral low myopia eyes were enrolled. The ONH characteristic parameters, including peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thickness, peripapillary choroidal thickness, peripapillary choroidal blood flow density, Bruch's membrane opening (BMO) characteristic parameters were measured on optical coherence tomography scans.
Eyes with high myopia had a larger disc size, higher peripapillary atrophy area proportion, larger peripapillary atrophy area, larger BMO minimum rim width, lower peripapillary choroidal thickness compared with those contralateral low myopia eyes (all < 0.001). The BMO distance and border length were longer, and border tissue angle was smaller in the high myopia eyes. The multivariate regression analysis revealed that border length, axial length, and border tissue angle were independently associated with peripapillary choroidal thickness (all < 0.05); axial length was associated with peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thickness ( = 0.007).
The peripapillary atrophy area, BMO area, border length, BMO distance, and BMO minimum rim width increased, but peripapillary choroidal thickness, retinal nerve fibre layer thickness decreased with axial elongation of the globe in young myopia children. Longer axial length and border length were positively correlated with lower peripapillary choroidal thickness, and a smaller border tissue angle was positively correlated with lower peripapillary choroidal thickness were found in this study. Monitoring of border length and border tissue angle is essential in the early stages of myopia in children.
近视眼中视神经头（ONH）的形态特征是一个具有临床意义的问题，特别是对于学龄期儿童的高度近视，这可以通过光相干断层扫描进行监测。
本研究旨在探讨 ONH 的形态特征，以及与中国学龄期高度近视儿童脉络膜厚度相关的因素。
共纳入 48 例患者，共 48 只高度近视眼和 48 只对侧低度近视眼。使用光学相干断层扫描测量 ONH 特征参数，包括视盘周围视网膜神经纤维层厚度、视盘周围脉络膜厚度、视盘周围脉络膜血流密度、Bruch 膜开口（BMO）特征参数。
高度近视眼的视盘直径较大，视盘周围萎缩面积比例较高，视盘周围萎缩面积较大，BMO 最小边缘宽度较小，视盘周围脉络膜厚度较对侧低度近视眼薄（均 < 0.001）。高度近视眼的 BMO 距离和边界长度较长，边界组织角度较小。多元回归分析显示，边界长度、眼轴长度和边界组织角度与视盘周围脉络膜厚度独立相关（均 < 0.05）；眼轴长度与视盘周围视网膜神经纤维层厚度相关（ = 0.007）。
在儿童近视早期，随着眼球轴长的延长，视盘周围萎缩区、BMO 区、边界长度、BMO 距离和 BMO 最小边缘宽度增加，而视盘周围脉络膜厚度、视网膜神经纤维层厚度降低。在本研究中，较长的眼轴长度和边界长度与较低的视盘周围脉络膜厚度呈正相关，较小的边界组织角度与较低的视盘周围脉络膜厚度呈正相关。因此，监测边界长度和边界组织角度对视轴发育中的儿童近视早期具有重要意义。
