Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China.
Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathopoiesis and Control at Shanxi Medial University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Nov 9;23(1):2206. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-17096-3.
Most previous studies on women of childbearing age have focused on reproductive health and fertility intentions, and evidence regarding the comprehensive health status of women of childbearing age is limited. This study aimed to comprehensively examine the health status of women of childbearing age through a multi-method and multi-indicator evaluation, analyze the factors that influence their overall health, and provide sound recommendations for the improvement and promotion of healthy behaviors.
Data on women of childbearing age living in Shanxi Province were collected between September 2021 and January 2022 through online and offline surveys. The k-means algorithm was used to assess health-related patterns in women, and multivariate nonconditional logistic regression was used to assess the influencing factors of women's overall health.
In total, 1,258 of 2,925 (43%) participants were classified as having a good health status in all five domains of the three health dimensions: quality of life, mental health, and illness. Multivariate logistic regression showed that education level, gynecological examination status, health status of family members, access to medical treatment, age, cooking preferences, diet, social support, hand washing habits, attitude toward breast cancer prevention, and awareness of reproductive health were significantly associated with different health patterns.
The comprehensive health status of women of childbearing age in Shanxi Province is generally good; however, a large proportion of women with deficiencies in some dimensions remains. Since lifestyle greatly impacts women's health, health education on lifestyle and health-related issues should be strengthened.
大多数关于育龄妇女的既往研究都集中在生殖健康和生育意愿上，关于育龄妇女综合健康状况的证据有限。本研究旨在通过多方法和多指标评估全面评估育龄妇女的健康状况，分析影响其整体健康的因素，并为改善和促进健康行为提供合理建议。
本研究于 2021 年 9 月至 2022 年 1 月通过在线和线下调查收集了山西省育龄妇女的数据。采用 k-均值算法评估妇女的健康相关模式，采用多变量非条件 logistic 回归评估妇女整体健康的影响因素。
在山西省，2925 名育龄妇女中，有 1258 名（43%）在生活质量、心理健康和疾病这三个健康维度的五个领域中都被归类为具有良好健康状况。多变量 logistic 回归显示，教育程度、妇科检查状况、家庭成员健康状况、医疗可及性、年龄、烹饪偏好、饮食、社会支持、洗手习惯、对乳腺癌预防的态度和对生殖健康的认识与不同的健康模式显著相关。
山西省育龄妇女的综合健康状况总体良好；然而，仍有相当一部分妇女在某些方面存在不足。由于生活方式对妇女健康影响很大，应加强对生活方式和与健康相关问题的健康教育。
