V.N. KARAZIN KHARKIV NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, KHARKIV, UKRAINE; PRIVATE INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION «KYIV MEDICAL UNIVERSITY», KYIV, UKRAINE.
V.N. KARAZIN KHARKIV NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, KHARKIV, UKRAINE; STATE INSTITUTION «INSTITUTE FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENT`S HEALTH CARE OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES OF UKRAINE», KHARKIV, UKRAINE.
Wiad Lek. 2023;76(10):2302-2307. doi: 10.36740/WLek202310126.
The aim: To investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in children for the period 2020-2022.
Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of 1144 case histories of children who were hospitalized at the St. Zinaida Children's Clinical Hospital (Sumy, Ukraine) for coronavirus disease for 2020-2022 was carried out. The observed patients were divided into 3 groups corresponding to the 3 waves of the pandemic: group 1 - 120 children, group 2 - 311 children, and group 3 - 713. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was established based on clinical, medical histories, laboratory and instrumental data. The etiology of coronavirus disease was determined based on the detection of antigens of the SARS-CoV-2 virus using PCR reverse transcription of a nasopharyngeal swab.
Results: An analysis of the clinical and epidemiological indicators of children who were treated for COVID-19 during 2020-2022 was conducted, depending on the outbreak of the pandemic. The frequency of lesions in children of different age groups was determined, and the main clinical symptoms and the frequency of complications in the form of pneumonia during different waves of COVID-19 were determined.
Conclusions: The incidence of coronavirus infection was mainly observed in children of the younger group (0-5 years). A more severe course of the disease and a higher frequency of complications in the form of pneumonia in children were determined during the 3rd wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.
研究 2020-2022 年期间儿童 COVID-19 的流行病学和临床特征。
对圣济奈达儿童医院（乌克兰苏梅） 2020-2022 年因冠状病毒病住院的 1144 例儿童病例进行回顾性分析。观察到的患者分为与大流行的 3 波相对应的 3 组：组 1-120 例，组 2-311 例，组 3-713 例。COVID-19 的诊断基于临床、病历、实验室和仪器数据。冠状病毒病的病因学基于使用鼻咽拭子的 PCR 逆转录检测 SARS-CoV-2 病毒抗原来确定。
对 2020-2022 年期间因 COVID-19 接受治疗的儿童的临床和流行病学指标进行了分析，具体取决于大流行的爆发情况。确定了不同年龄组儿童病变的频率，并确定了不同 COVID-19 波次中主要临床症状和肺炎并发症的频率。
冠状病毒感染的发病率主要发生在年龄较小的儿童群体（0-5 岁）中。在 COVID-19 大流行的第 3 波中，确定了更严重的疾病过程和更高频率的肺炎并发症。
