Department of Respiratory, Dr. Josep, Trueta University Hospital of Girona, and Santa Caterina Hospital of Salt, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
Department of Radiology, Dr. Josep, Trueta University Hospital of Girona, and Santa Caterina Hospital of Salt, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
BMC Pulm Med. 2023 Nov 11;23(1):439. doi: 10.1186/s12890-023-02627-w.
Our aims were to describe respiratory sequelae up to 12 months after discharge in COVID-19 patients with severe pneumonia requiring non-invasive respiratory support therapies.
This study was undertaken at University Hospital Doctor Josep Trueta (Girona, Spain) between March 2020 and June 2020. Three months after discharge, we evaluated their dyspnoea and performed Saint George's respiratory questionnaire, pulmonary function tests, blood test, 6-min walking test, and a high-resolution CT (HRCT). At the six and 12-month follow-up, we repeated all tests except for pulmonary function, 6-min walking test, and HRCT, which were performed only if abnormal findings had been previously detected.
Out of the 94 patients recruited, 73% were male, the median age was 62.9 years old, and most were non-smokers (58%). When comparing data three and 12 months after discharge, the percentage of patients presenting dyspnoea ≥ 2 decreased (19% vs 7%), the quality-of-life total score improved (22.8% vs 18.9%; p = 0.019), there were less abnormal results in the pulmonary function tests (47% vs 23%), the 6-min walking test distance was enhanced (368.3 m vs 390.7 m, p = 0.020), ground glass opacities findings waned (51.6% vs 11.5%), and traction bronchiectasis increased (5.6% vs 15.9%). Only age showed significant differences between patients with and without pulmonary fibrotic-like changes.
Most patients improved their clinical condition, pulmonary function, exercise capacity and quality of life one year after discharge. Nonetheless, pulmonary fibrotic-like changes were observed during the follow-ups.
我们的目的是描述 COVID-19 重症肺炎患者在接受无创呼吸支持治疗后 12 个月的呼吸后遗症。
本研究于 2020 年 3 月至 6 月在西班牙赫罗纳大学医院 Doctor Josep Trueta 进行。出院后 3 个月，我们评估了他们的呼吸困难情况，并进行了圣乔治呼吸问卷、肺功能检查、血液检查、6 分钟步行试验和高分辨率 CT（HRCT）检查。在 6 个月和 12 个月的随访中，我们重复了所有检查，除了肺功能、6 分钟步行试验和 HRCT，如果之前发现异常，则只进行这些检查。
在招募的 94 名患者中，73%为男性，中位年龄为 62.9 岁，大多数为不吸烟者（58%）。与出院后 3 个月和 12 个月的数据相比，出现呼吸困难≥2 级的患者比例下降（19%比 7%），生活质量总评分提高（22.8%比 18.9%；p=0.019），肺功能检查异常结果减少（47%比 23%），6 分钟步行试验距离增加（368.3 米比 390.7 米，p=0.020），磨玻璃密度影减少（51.6%比 11.5%），牵引性支气管扩张增加（5.6%比 15.9%）。只有年龄在有和无肺纤维化样改变的患者之间存在显著差异。
大多数患者在出院后 1 年改善了临床状况、肺功能、运动能力和生活质量。然而，在随访期间观察到了肺纤维化样改变。
