Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, 185234, India.
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
Environ Pollut. 2024 Jan 15;341:122886. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122886. Epub 2023 Nov 10.
Heavy metal (HM) contamination has emerged as one of the most damaging abiotic stress factors due to their prominent release into the environment through industrialization and urbanization worldwide. The increase in HMs concentration in soil and the environment has invited attention of researchers/environmentalists to minimize its' impact by practicing different techniques such as application of phytohormones, gaseous molecules, metalloids, and essential nutrients etc. Silicon (Si) although not considered as the essential nutrient, has received more attention in the last few decades due to its involvement in the amelioration of wide range of abiotic stress factors. Silicon is the second most abundant element after oxygen on earth, but is relatively lesser available for plants as it is taken up in the form of mono-silicic acid, Si(OH). The scattered information on the influence of Si on plant development and abiotic stress adaptation has been published. Moreover, the use of nanoparticles for maintenance of plant functions under limited environmental conditions has gained momentum. The current review, therefore, summarizes the updated information on Si nanoparticles (SiNPs) synthesis, characterization, uptake and transport mechanism, and their effect on plant growth and development, physiological and biochemical processes and molecular mechanisms. The regulatory connect between SiNPs and phytohormones signaling in counteracting the negative impacts of HMs stress has also been discussed.
重金属（HM）污染已成为最具破坏性的非生物胁迫因素之一，因为它们通过全球工业化和城市化而大量释放到环境中。土壤和环境中 HMs 浓度的增加引起了研究人员/环保主义者的关注，他们通过应用植物激素、气态分子、类金属和必需养分等不同技术来尽量减少其影响。硅（Si）虽然不被认为是必需养分，但在过去几十年中受到了更多关注，因为它参与了多种非生物胁迫因素的改善。硅是地球上除氧之外第二丰富的元素，但由于植物以单硅酸 Si(OH)的形式吸收，因此相对较少可用于植物。关于 Si 对植物发育和非生物胁迫适应影响的零散信息已经发表。此外，在有限的环境条件下使用纳米颗粒来维持植物功能的方法也得到了发展。因此，本综述总结了关于 Si 纳米颗粒（SiNPs）合成、表征、吸收和运输机制及其对植物生长发育、生理生化过程和分子机制影响的最新信息。还讨论了 SiNPs 与植物激素信号转导之间的调节联系，以抵消 HMs 胁迫的负面影响。
