中国大学生身体活动与主观幸福感的关系：感知健康、社会支持和自尊的中介作用。
The relationship between physical activity and subjective well-being in Chinese university students: the mediating roles of perceived health, social support and self-esteem.
作者信息
Liao Tianzhi, Yin Yujia, Hu Xiaoyong, Tang Saizhao, Shim Yunsik
机构信息
Department of Sports Science, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China.
Department of Sports Sociology, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China.
出版信息
Front Sports Act Living. 2023 Oct 25;5:1280404. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1280404. eCollection 2023.
PURPOSE
The intent of this paper is to understand the effect of Physical Activity on university students' Subjective Well-being and to explore whether Perceived Health, Social Support, and Self-esteem play roles as mediating variables.
METHODS
Self-reported data from 404 college students (147 males and 257 females) were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The relationships between the study variables were tested by mediation models and 5,000 bootstrap samples using AMOS version 24.
RESULTS
(1) The six hypotheses were supported in the measurement model in the results ( < 0.05). Physical Activity was related to Social Support, Perceived Health, and to Self-esteem; Social Support, Perceived Health, and Self-esteem were all related to Subjective Well-being. However, the direct positive effect of Physical Activity gradually decreased in the order of Self-esteem, Social Support, and Perceived Health. The direct effect of Perceived Health, Social Support, and Self-esteem on Subjective Well-being also decreased sequentially. (2) In the Structural Equation Model (= 825.451, < 0.001, df = 455, CMIN/df = 1.814, CFI = 0.942, RMSEA = 0.045), the three hypotheses of mediation were supported ( < 0.05), showing positive indirect effects between Physical Activity and Subjective Well-being. Of the three mediating effects, Social Support and Self-esteem were not different, and the mediating effect of Perceived Health showed the largest impact. This indicates that Social Support, Perceived Health, and Self-esteem mediate the effects of Physical Activity, and Subjective Well-being regulation has positive indirect effects.
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates the importance of meeting the needs of Social Support, Perceived Health, and Self-esteem when designing interventions to promote college students' sports participation to enhance Subjective Well-being.
目的
本文旨在了解体育活动对大学生主观幸福感的影响，并探讨感知健康、社会支持和自尊是否作为中介变量发挥作用。
方法
使用结构方程模型（SEM）分析了404名大学生（147名男性和257名女性）的自我报告数据。研究变量之间的关系通过中介模型和使用AMOS 24版本的5000个自抽样样本进行检验。
结果
（1）结果中的测量模型支持了六个假设（p<0.05）。体育活动与社会支持、感知健康和自尊相关；社会支持、感知健康和自尊均与主观幸福感相关。然而，体育活动的直接正向效应按自尊、社会支持和感知健康的顺序逐渐降低。感知健康、社会支持和自尊对主观幸福感的直接效应也依次降低。（2）在结构方程模型中（χ² = 825.451，p < 0.001，df = 455，CMIN/df = 1.814，CFI = 0.942，RMSEA = 0.045），三个中介假设得到支持（p<0.05），表明体育活动与主观幸福感之间存在正向间接效应。在这三种中介效应中，社会支持和自尊没有差异，感知健康的中介效应影响最大。这表明社会支持、感知健康和自尊介导了体育活动的影响，对主观幸福感的调节具有正向间接效应。
结论
本研究表明，在设计促进大学生体育参与以提高主观幸福感的干预措施时，满足社会支持、感知健康和自尊需求的重要性。
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