Hu Fengying, Wu Cuiyun, Jia Yunfei, Zhen Hualong, Cheng Hengshun, Zhang Fan, Wang Liuqing, Jiang Minmin
Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
The Third People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Third Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
SSM Popul Health. 2023 Oct 21;24:101542. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101542. eCollection 2023 Dec.
Shift work is a potential risk factor for women's reproductive health. Evidence suggests that shift work is associated with menstrual disorders, reproductive disturbances, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, previous studies did not systematically examine the results of menstrual irregularities, dysmenorrhea, and early menopause at the same time.
To determine the relationship between shift work and women's menstrual characteristics (e.g., irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, and early menopause).
Four databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science) were searched up to December 2022. The study characteristics and risk assessment values of the literature were extracted from 21 studies that met the criteria. Odds ratios (ORs), relative risks (RRs), hazard ratios (HRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the relationship between shift work exposure and menstruation. The included studies were evaluated for heterogeneity, publication bias, sensitivity analysis, and subgroup analysis.
A total of 21 studies with 195,538 female participants, including 16 cross-sectional studies and 5 cohort studies, were included in this meta-analysis. According to the quality evaluation, the included research had high methodological quality. The overall ORs of shift work for the likelihood of irregular menstruation and dysmenorrhea were 1.30 (95% , 1.23-1.36) ( = 41.9%, 0.05) and 1.35 (95% , 1.04-1.75) = 73.0%, < 0.05), respectively. There was a significant positive association between shift work and the risk of early menopause ( = 1.09, 95% , 1.04-1.14), without significant heterogeneity ( = 0.0%, > 0.05).
This meta-analysis indicated that shift workers have significantly higher odds of menstrual disorders, dysmenorrhea, and early menopause. This study focuses on female reproductive health and has broad implications for adjusting optimal working hours and shift schedules for female workers.
轮班工作是女性生殖健康的一个潜在风险因素。有证据表明，轮班工作与月经紊乱、生殖功能障碍及不良妊娠结局有关。然而，以往的研究并未同时系统地考察月经不规律、痛经和早绝经的结果。
确定轮班工作与女性月经特征（如月经不规律、痛经和早绝经）之间的关系。
检索截至2022年12月的四个数据库（PubMed、Embase、Cochrane和Web of Science）。从符合标准的21项研究中提取文献的研究特征和风险评估值。计算比值比（OR）、相对风险（RR）、风险比（HR）和95%置信区间（CI），以评估轮班工作暴露与月经之间的关系。对纳入的研究进行异质性、发表偏倚、敏感性分析和亚组分析。
本荟萃分析共纳入21项研究，195,538名女性参与者，其中包括16项横断面研究和5项队列研究。根据质量评估，纳入的研究具有较高的方法学质量。轮班工作导致月经不规律和痛经可能性的总体OR分别为1.30（95%CI，1.23 - 1.36）（I² = 41.9%，P < 0.05）和1.35（95%CI，1.04 - 1.75）（I² = 73.0%，P < 0.05）。轮班工作与早绝经风险之间存在显著正相关（HR = 1.09，95%CI，1.04 - 1.14），无显著异质性（I² = 0.0%，P > 0.05）。
本荟萃分析表明，轮班工作者出现月经紊乱、痛经和早绝经的几率显著更高。本研究关注女性生殖健康，对调整女性工人的最佳工作时间和轮班安排具有广泛意义。
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