Komine Takeshi, Ihara Hyogo, Inohana Mari, Kwok Jennifer Caroline, Shimizu Akane, Terasawa Tsumugi, Miyazaki Ayaka, Srivorakul Saralee, Iwao Hajime, Harada Sachiko, Yoshida Mitsunori, Hoshino Yoshihiko, Kurata Osamu, Fukano Hanako, Wada Shinpei
Laboratory of Aquatic Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Higashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan.
Front Vet Sci. 2023 Oct 26;10:1248288. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1248288. eCollection 2023.
is one of the causes of non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections in moray eels and salamanders. Although infection could be a threat to salamanders, little information is available regarding this pathogen and associated infection. This study aimed to provide fundamental information regarding and its infection in salamanders.
Nine strains isolated from three species of salamanders, namely, Japanese black salamander (), Hakuba salamander (), and Tohoku hynobiid salamander (), between 2010 and 2018, were characterized based on phenotypic and genetic examination. We also pathologically observed salamanders infected with the strains, including Hakuba salamanders and Tohoku hynobiid salamanders.
The microbiological and chemical characteristics of the salamander and an eel strain (reference strain) matched. Susceptibility testing for antimicrobials suggested that clarithromycin may be effective. Regarding disinfectants, phtharal, peracetic acid, glutaral, sodium hypochlorite, and benzalkonium chloride may be effective. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the strains isolated from salamanders in 2014 and 2018 were genetically closely related, which could indicate an outbreak. The main gross findings in infected salamanders include skin ulcerative lesions or nodules in the enlarged liver. Microscopically, multifocal to coalescent granulomatous lesions composed of massive macrophages containing numerous acid-fast bacilli were prominently observed in the liver.
This study contributes to our understanding of the genetic diversity and phenotypic characteristics of , as well as the pathology of the infection.
是海鳗和蝾螈非结核分枝杆菌感染的病因之一。虽然感染可能对蝾螈构成威胁，但关于这种病原体及其相关感染的信息很少。本研究旨在提供有关及其在蝾螈中感染的基础信息。
对2010年至2018年间从三种蝾螈，即日本黑蝾螈（）、白马蝾螈（）和东北小鲵蝾螈（）中分离出的9株菌株进行了表型和基因检测。我们还对感染了这些菌株的蝾螈进行了病理观察，包括白马蝾螈和东北小鲵蝾螈。
蝾螈菌株和鳗鱼菌株（参考菌株）的微生物学和化学特征相匹配。抗菌药物敏感性测试表明，克拉霉素可能有效。关于消毒剂，邻苯二甲酸、过氧乙酸、戊二醛、次氯酸钠和苯扎氯铵可能有效。系统发育分析表明，2014年和2018年从蝾螈中分离出的菌株在基因上密切相关，这可能表明发生了疫情。感染蝾螈的主要大体表现包括皮肤溃疡性病变或肝脏肿大中的结节。显微镜下，在肝脏中明显观察到多灶性至融合性肉芽肿性病变，由含有大量抗酸杆菌的大量巨噬细胞组成。
本研究有助于我们了解的遗传多样性和表型特征，以及感染的病理学。
