Talukdar Debjyoti, Marchetti Roberto, Pileci Rosaria E
Medical Research, Mkhitar Gosh Armenian-Russian International University, Yerevan, ARM.
Internal Medicine, Laboratori Clodia Diagnostics & Services, Bolzano, ITA.
Cureus. 2023 Oct 11;15(10):e46851. doi: 10.7759/cureus.46851. eCollection 2023 Oct.
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is a health emergency for occupational healthcare workers at COVID-19 hospital wards in Italy. The objective of the study was to investigate the bioreactor's effectivity in monitoring and improving air quality via detection, capture, and destruction of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and bacterial pathogens, reducing the risk of transmission among healthcare workers.
Bioreactors are a demonstrated effective biomonitoring system. We implemented a methodological approach wherein they were placed at various hospitals treating COVID-19 patients in Italy. The detection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus was achieved through rapid biomonitoring testing of the solutes from the AIRcel bioreactors via SARS-CoV-2 rapid test antigen and consecutive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis with the multiplex platform (XABT) and the real-time PCR rotor-gene.
The marked presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus was found in multiple water samples via the detection of ORF1ab + N and/or E gene involved in gene expression and cellular signaling of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The AIRcel bioreactors were able to neutralize the virus and bacterial pathogens effectively as traces of the viruses and bacteria were no longer found in multiple solute samples after an overnight period.
Transmission of COVID-19 via bioaerosols, transmitted by infected patients, remains a viable threat for health workers. AIRcel bioreactors allow for rapid biomonitoring testing for early virus detection within the environment, reducing the risk of exponential contagion exposure and maintaining good air quality without endangering health workers. This same protocol can also be extended to public spaces as a bio-monitoring hotspot tool for early detection.
新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情对意大利新冠肺炎医院病房的职业医护人员来说是一场健康危机。本研究的目的是调查生物反应器在监测和改善空气质量方面的有效性，通过检测、捕获和消灭严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）病毒及细菌病原体，降低医护人员之间的传播风险。
生物反应器是一种经证实有效的生物监测系统。我们采用了一种方法，将其放置在意大利多家治疗新冠肺炎患者的医院。通过对AIRcel生物反应器中的溶质进行快速生物监测检测，利用SARS-CoV-2快速检测抗原以及通过多重平台（XABT）和实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）转子基因进行连续逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）分析来检测SARS-CoV-2病毒。
通过检测参与SARS-CoV-2病毒基因表达和细胞信号传导的开放阅读框1ab（ORF1ab）+核衣壳蛋白（N）和/或包膜蛋白（E）基因，在多个水样中发现了SARS-CoV-2病毒的显著存在。经过一夜之后，在多个溶质样本中不再发现病毒和细菌的踪迹，这表明AIRcel生物反应器能够有效中和病毒和细菌病原体。
由感染患者传播的新冠病毒通过生物气溶胶传播，对医护人员仍然是一个切实存在的威胁。AIRcel生物反应器能够进行快速生物监测检测，以便在环境中早期发现病毒，降低指数级传染暴露的风险，并在不危及医护人员的情况下保持良好的空气质量。同样的方案也可以扩展到公共场所，作为早期检测的生物监测热点工具。
