Selvakumar Sharon, Li Sin Ming, Fahey Paul, Cheung Roy T H
School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia.
Physiotherapy Department, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
Sports Biomech. 2023 Nov 13:1-10. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2023.2278163.
Trail runners have been reported to be more injury prone than road runners. Limited past studies have examined the difference in the running biomechanics between the two groups of runners. More importantly, the effect of surface inclination has not been fully investigated. Hence, this study examined the effect of surface inclination on running biomechanics in trail and road runners. Twenty trails and 20 road runners were recruited in this study. Trail runners appeared to be more experienced and had longer training distance per week ( < 0.001) compared to road runners. All participants ran at a self-selected pace on an instrumented treadmill in three inclination conditions (i.e., level, +10% uphill and -10% downhill) in a random order. Vertical average loading rate (VALR), vertical instantaneous loading rate (VILR) and footstrike angle (FSA) were measured using established methods. Trail runners experienced greater VILR ( = 0.039, Cohen's d = 2.9) with a greater FSA ( = 0.002, Cohen's d = 1.1) during downhill running than road runners. No significant differences in VALR, VILR and FSA were found between the two groups during level and uphill running. Our findings provide potential biomechanical rationale to explain a higher injury incidence among trail runners.
据报道，越野跑者比公路跑者更容易受伤。过去有限的研究考察了两组跑者在跑步生物力学方面的差异。更重要的是，路面倾斜度的影响尚未得到充分研究。因此，本研究考察了路面倾斜度对越野跑者和公路跑者跑步生物力学的影响。本研究招募了20名越野跑者和20名公路跑者。与公路跑者相比，越野跑者似乎经验更丰富，每周的训练距离更长（<0.001）。所有参与者在装有仪器的跑步机上以自定的速度在三种倾斜条件下（即水平、+10%上坡和-10%下坡）随机顺序跑步。使用既定方法测量垂直平均负荷率（VALR）、垂直瞬时负荷率（VILR）和着地角度（FSA）。与公路跑者相比，越野跑者在下坡跑步时经历了更大的VILR（=0.039，科恩d=2.9）和更大的FSA（=0.002，科恩d=1.1）。在水平和上坡跑步期间，两组之间在VALR、VILR和FSA方面未发现显著差异。我们的研究结果提供了潜在的生物力学原理，以解释越野跑者中较高的受伤发生率。
