Bahgat Abdel-Raouf, Dahab Abeer A, Elhakem Abeer, Gururani Mayank Anand, El-Serafy Rasha S
Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Oct 25;12(21):3684. doi: 10.3390/plants12213684.
Osmotic stress is a serious physiological disorder that affects water movement within the cell membranes. Osmotic stress adversely affects agricultural production and sustainability and is largely caused by soil salinity and water stress. An integrated nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) soil amendment and an exogenous foliar application of leaf extract (ALE), and moringa leaf extract (MLE) were evaluated on roselle ( L.) growth, calyx yield, secondary metabolites, and tolerance to osmotic stress in salt-affected soil. The osmotic stress markedly decreased above- and below-ground development of the roselle plant, but integrated NFB soil amendment with ALE or MLE foliar application significantly alleviated its negative impacts. Broadly, an improvement was observed in chlorophyll, carbohydrates, and protein levels following NFB and extracts foliar application, as well as a significant enhancement in antioxidant production (total phenols, ascorbic acid, and FRAP), which decreased peroxide production and increased stress tolerance in plants. Under osmotic stress, the roselle calyx revealed the highest anthocyanin levels, which declined following NFB soil amendment and foliar extract application. Additionally, an enhancement in nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents and the K/Na ratio, along with a depression in sodium (Na) content, was noticed. The integrated application of × ALE exhibited the best results in terms of enhancing above- and below-ground growth, calyx yield, secondary metabolites, and tolerance to osmotic stress of the roselle plants cultivated in the salt-affected soil.
渗透胁迫是一种严重的生理紊乱，会影响细胞膜内的水分移动。渗透胁迫对农业生产和可持续性产生不利影响，主要由土壤盐分和水分胁迫引起。在盐渍化土壤中，对玫瑰茄（ ）的生长、花萼产量、次生代谢产物以及对渗透胁迫的耐受性进行了评估，评估内容包括综合固氮菌（NFB）土壤改良剂以及外源叶面喷施叶提取物（ALE）和辣木叶提取物（MLE）。渗透胁迫显著降低了玫瑰茄植株地上和地下部分的发育，但综合使用NFB土壤改良剂与ALE或MLE叶面喷施可显著减轻其负面影响。总体而言，在喷施NFB和提取物后，观察到叶绿素、碳水化合物和蛋白质水平有所改善，抗氧化剂产量（总酚、抗坏血酸和FRAP）也显著提高，这降低了过氧化物的产生并提高了植物的胁迫耐受性。在渗透胁迫下，玫瑰茄花萼的花青素水平最高，在施用NFB土壤改良剂和叶面提取物后有所下降。此外，还注意到氮（N）、磷（P）和钾（K）含量以及K/Na比值增加，而钠（Na）含量降低。在增强盐渍化土壤中种植的玫瑰茄植株的地上和地下生长、花萼产量、次生代谢产物以及对渗透胁迫的耐受性方面， × ALE的综合应用表现出最佳效果。
