Department of Food and Nutrition, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407219, Taiwan.
Biostatistics Group, Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407219, Taiwan.
Nutrients. 2023 Oct 24;15(21):4506. doi: 10.3390/nu15214506.
High-energy, low-protein formulas (HE-LPFs) are commonly used as oral nutritional supplements (ONSs) to help provide extra calories to patients who are adhering to a low-protein diet (LPD) after diagnosis with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an HE-LPF as either a partial or a total replacement for one meal in pre-dialysis CKD patients. Stage 4-5 CKD patients received either a once-daily HE-LPF (HE-LPF group) or normal food (control group) for a period of 4 weeks while following an LPD. Overall, 73 patients who completed the study were included in the intention-to-treat population. After analyzing the 3-day food records, the HE-LPF group experienced a significant decrease in the percentage of energy derived from protein ( < 0.05) and an increase in the percentage of energy derived from fat ( < 0.05) compared to the control group. The two groups had no significant differences in body weight, body composition, grip strength, renal function, electrolytes, or metabolic markers. The HE-LPF group had a high adherence (94.9% at week 4), and no adverse effects were observed. HE-LPFs are safe to employ as meal replacements for pre-dialysis CKD patients adhering to an LPD.
高能量、低蛋白配方（HE-LPF）常用于口服营养补充剂（ONS），以帮助为慢性肾脏病（CKD）诊断后坚持低蛋白饮食（LPD）的患者提供额外的热量。这项随机对照试验旨在评估 HE-LPF 作为部分或全部替代一餐在透析前 CKD 患者中的疗效和安全性。4-5 期 CKD 患者接受每日一次的 HE-LPF（HE-LPF 组）或正常食物（对照组），同时遵循 LPD，持续 4 周。共有 73 名完成研究的患者被纳入意向治疗人群。分析 3 天的食物记录后，与对照组相比，HE-LPF 组的蛋白质来源能量百分比显著下降（<0.05），脂肪来源能量百分比显著增加（<0.05）。两组患者的体重、身体成分、握力、肾功能、电解质或代谢标志物均无显著差异。HE-LPF 组的依从性很高（第 4 周时为 94.9%），未观察到不良反应。HE-LPF 可安全用于坚持 LPD 的透析前 CKD 患者的餐食替代。
