Sato S, Ohka T, Nagao M, Tsuji K, Kosuge T
Mutat Res. 1979 Apr;60(2):155-61. doi: 10.1016/0027-5107(79)90179-9.
The effects of adding sugars to high- and low-tar cigarettes on the mutagenicity of their smoke condensates were studied using Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and TA98 with and without metabolic activation. The sugars tested were glucose, fructose, galactose, sorbitol, sucrose and lactose. The lowest mutagenicities observed with these sugars per mg of smoke condensate assayed on TA98 with metabolic activation were 37% (high-tar cigarettes) and 22% (low-tar cigaretts) of that of smoke condensate from untreated cigarettes. Addition of sugars increased the total amounts of smoke condensates, but the mutagenicities of the total condensates were also decreased by all the sugars, the lowest values being 35% (high-tar cigarettes) and 36% (low-tar cigarettes) of that of smoke condensates from cigarettes without added sugar. On assay with TA100 with metabolic activation, decreases in both specific and total mutangenicities of condensates of high-tar cigarettes were observed with all the sugars tested except galactose and sucrose. Treatment with glucose, fructose or sorbitol decreased the specific mutagenicity of condensates of low-tar cigarettes and glucose and fructose reduced also their total mutagenicity. The effects of added sugars were more marked when assayed on TA98 than on TA100 and of the sugars tested fructose and sorbitol had the greatest effects. Addition of sugars had no effect of the mutagenicity of cigarette-smoke condensate without metabolic activation.
利用鼠伤寒沙门氏菌TA100和TA98，在有和没有代谢激活的情况下，研究了向高焦油和低焦油香烟中添加糖类对其烟雾冷凝物致突变性的影响。所测试的糖类有葡萄糖、果糖、半乳糖、山梨醇、蔗糖和乳糖。在有代谢激活的情况下，以TA98检测，每毫克烟雾冷凝物中这些糖类所观察到的最低致突变性分别为未处理香烟烟雾冷凝物的37%（高焦油香烟）和22%（低焦油香烟）。添加糖类增加了烟雾冷凝物的总量，但所有糖类也降低了总冷凝物的致突变性，最低值分别为未添加糖的香烟烟雾冷凝物的35%（高焦油香烟）和36%（低焦油香烟）。在有代谢激活的情况下用TA100检测时，除半乳糖和蔗糖外，所有测试糖类都使高焦油香烟冷凝物的比致突变性和总致突变性降低。用葡萄糖、果糖或山梨醇处理降低了低焦油香烟冷凝物的比致突变性，葡萄糖和果糖也降低了其总致突变性。在TA98上检测时，添加糖类的影响比在TA100上更明显，在所测试的糖类中，果糖和山梨醇的影响最大。添加糖类对没有代谢激活的香烟烟雾冷凝物的致突变性没有影响。
