Department of Zoology, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan.
Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Acta Biochim Pol. 2023 Nov 14;70(4):943-949. doi: 10.18388/abp.2020_6864.
The phenomenon of growth is a leading factor for aquaculture success. The uneven growth of major Indian carps (Labeo rohita, Catla catla, and Cirrhinus mrigala) is a serious issue in fish culture from an economic point of view. The growth hormone (GH) gene is crucial for selection in commercially cultivated fish species for better growth and production. Indian major carp (L. rohita, C. catla, and C. mrigala) are commonly cultured in Pakistan. The GH expression was examined using qPCR to understand growth in fish species better. Muscle tissue samples (n=480) from 160 individuals of the same age were collected from three species (L. rohita, C. catla, and C. mrigala). Individuals were divided into two groups (high-weight and low-weight groups), cultured under normal conditions. The housekeeping gene β-actin validated GH expression in fast and slow-growing fishes from the same species. Results showed that GH expression varies across species and fish specimens that overweight their counterpart feature have higher GH expression. A selection for overweight fish in the aquaculture breeding systems is preferable as those fish could inherit their genomics to the future cohort, enhancing production, and commercial profit for farmers. Comprehensive research about different growth genes and the environmental aspects that influence fish growth is mandatory. No work has been reported regarding the growth gene analysis of fish from Pakistan. This report was Pakistan's first and baseline study regarding growth analysis of main culturable fish species at the molecular level.
生长现象是水产养殖成功的主要因素。从经济角度来看，印度主要鲤鱼（Labeo rohita、Catla catla 和 Cirrhinus mrigala）的生长不均匀是鱼类养殖中的一个严重问题。生长激素（GH）基因对于选择具有更好生长和生产性能的商业养殖鱼类品种至关重要。印度主要鲤鱼（L. rohita、C. catla 和 C. mrigala）在巴基斯坦普遍养殖。使用 qPCR 检查 GH 表达，以更好地了解鱼类的生长情况。从三个物种（L. rohita、C. catla 和 C. mrigala）的 160 个相同年龄的个体中采集了肌肉组织样本（n=480）。个体分为两组（高体重组和低体重组），在正常条件下进行培养。管家基因β-肌动蛋白验证了来自同一物种的快速和慢速生长鱼类中的 GH 表达。结果表明，GH 表达在不同物种和体重超过其对应特征的鱼类标本之间存在差异，具有较高 GH 表达的鱼类。在水产养殖繁育系统中选择超重鱼类是可取的，因为这些鱼类可以将其基因组遗传给未来的种群，从而提高产量和农民的商业利润。需要对不同的生长基因和影响鱼类生长的环境因素进行全面研究。关于巴基斯坦鱼类生长基因分析的工作尚未报道。本报告是巴基斯坦首次在分子水平上对主要养殖鱼类物种的生长分析进行的基线研究。
