Kalsås Øyvind Reehorst, Titlestad Kristine Berg, Dyregrov Kari, Fadnes Lars Thore
Department of Welfare and Participation, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Norway.
Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway.
Nordisk Alkohol Nark. 2023 Oct;40(5):463-481. doi: 10.1177/14550725221125378. Epub 2023 Aug 1.
Individuals bereaved after sudden and unexpected deaths can benefit from professional help to cope after the loss, and the bereaved call for proactive, early and flexible help from professional services. Most drug-related deaths (DRDs) happen suddenly and unexpectedly. DRDs are a significant public health issue, yet few studies have examined DRD-bereaved people's needs and experiences with professional help. This article investigates the needs for help and received help reported by DRD-bereaved family members and friends, and suggests improvements in services based on the findings. A heterogeneous convenience sample of DRD-bereaved family members and close friends (n = 255) were recruited for a survey from February to December 2018. Descriptive analyses were conducted for experiences with professional help, chi-square analyses to find predictors for help needs and received help, and logistic regression analysis to find predictors for satisfaction with the help provided. Most DRD-bereaved individuals reported a need for professional help after the death regardless of family relation to the deceased, and about half of the participants received help. Nearly half of them were satisfied with the help. Our results indicated higher satisfaction with help among older bereaved, and the participants who received help from a crisis team or psychotherapist. The latter was particularly stated for younger participants. Few participants with children in the family reported that the children had received help, and less than one-third were satisfied with this help. The study shows that younger age groups and children need particular recognition, and a family perspective from services is essential. When assessing the help needs of the DRD-bereaved, relations of both psychological and biological closeness should be recognised. Help efforts should be tailored according to established knowledge of the provided help that bereaved populations deem effective.
在经历突然和意外死亡后痛失亲人的人可以从专业帮助中受益，以应对丧亲之痛，而丧亲者呼吁专业服务提供积极、早期和灵活的帮助。大多数与药物相关的死亡（DRD）都是突然和意外发生的。DRD是一个重大的公共卫生问题，但很少有研究调查过DRD丧亲者对专业帮助的需求和经历。本文调查了DRD丧亲的家庭成员和朋友报告的帮助需求和获得的帮助，并根据研究结果提出了服务改进建议。2018年2月至12月，招募了一个由DRD丧亲的家庭成员和亲密朋友组成的异质性便利样本（n = 255）进行调查。对专业帮助的经历进行了描述性分析，进行卡方分析以找出帮助需求和获得帮助的预测因素，并进行逻辑回归分析以找出对所提供帮助满意度的预测因素。大多数DRD丧亲者表示，无论与死者的家庭关系如何，在亲人死后都需要专业帮助，约一半的参与者获得了帮助。其中近一半对所提供的帮助感到满意。我们的结果表明，年龄较大的丧亲者以及从危机团队或心理治疗师那里获得帮助的参与者对帮助的满意度更高。对于较年轻的参与者，后者的情况尤为明显。很少有家中有孩子的参与者报告说孩子获得了帮助，不到三分之一的人对这种帮助感到满意。该研究表明，较年轻的年龄组和儿童需要特别关注，服务的家庭视角至关重要。在评估DRD丧亲者的帮助需求时，应认识到心理和生理亲密关系。应根据丧亲人群认为有效的所提供帮助的既定知识来调整帮助措施。
