Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brasil.
Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2023 Nov 13;39(11):e00047123. doi: 10.1590/0102-311XEN047123. eCollection 2023.
This study aimed to identify lifestyle changes and associated sociodemographic factors in women and men participating in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study for Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) cohort during the COVID-19 pandemic. Longitudinal study with 3,776 (aged 58.8 years; SD ± 8.5) employees of public higher education institutions in the second follow-up and the wave-COVID of ELSA-Brasil. Data collected using structured questionnaires. An exploratory analysis was performed using binary and multinomial logistic regression on the dependent variables with two and three categories, respectively, by obtaining crude and adjusted odds ratio estimates in SPSS 20.0, considering a p-value < 0.05. There was a reduction in physical activity of 195.5 (SD ± 1,146.4) metabolic equivalents per week in women and 240.5 (SD ± 1,474.2) in men, and in smoking by 15.2%. There was an increase in alcohol consumption in men and women (434.2 ± 5,144.0; and 366.1 ± 4,879.0, respectively), in the food quality score (0.8 ± 3.7, women; 0.5 ± 3.7, men), sleeping time (0.4 ± 1.2, women; 0.5 ± 1.1, men), screen time (1.7 ± 2.4, women; 1.4 ± 2.3, men), and sitting time (1.7 ± 2.6, women; 1.5 ± 2.4, men) (hours/day). In total, 18.6% increased the purchase of ultra-processed foods and 36% increased the purchase of natural foods. Age and work activity contributed to increase the chance of purchasing ultra-processed foods, and age and adherence to social distancing influenced the shift to a more sedentary behavior, while income and active work favored the increase in alcoholic beverage consumption. These factors should be considered when developing public policies to avoid individual behaviors that are harmful to health during pandemics.
这项研究旨在确定在 COVID-19 大流行期间参与巴西成人健康纵向研究（ELSA-Brasil）队列的女性和男性的生活方式改变和相关社会人口因素。这是一项纵向研究，共有 3776 名（年龄 58.8 岁，标准差±8.5）公共高等教育机构的员工参与了 ELSA-Brasil 的第二次随访和 COVID-19 波次。使用结构化问卷收集数据。使用二元和多项逻辑回归对依赖变量进行探索性分析，分别获得两个和三个类别的粗和调整后的优势比估计值，使用 SPSS 20.0 获得估计值，并考虑到 p 值<0.05。女性每周的身体活动减少了 195.5（标准差±1146.4）代谢当量，男性减少了 240.5（标准差±1474.2），吸烟量减少了 15.2%。男性和女性的饮酒量均有所增加（分别为 434.2±5144.0 和 366.1±4879.0），食物质量评分（女性 0.8±3.7，男性 0.5±3.7），睡眠时间（女性 0.4±1.2，男性 0.5±1.1），屏幕时间（女性 1.7±2.4，男性 1.4±2.3）和坐姿时间（女性 1.7±2.6，男性 1.5±2.4）（小时/天）。总的来说，18.6%的人增加了超加工食品的购买量，36%的人增加了天然食品的购买量。年龄和工作活动增加了购买超加工食品的机会，而年龄和遵守社交距离则影响了更久坐的行为转变，而收入和积极工作则有利于增加酒精饮料的消费。在制定公共政策以避免大流行期间对个人健康有害的行为时，应考虑这些因素。
