Soares Carlos Alex Martins, Leão Otávio Amaral de Andrade, Freitas Matheus Pintanel, Hallal Pedro Curi, Wagner Mário Bernardes
Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2023 Nov 13;39(10):e00063423. doi: 10.1590/0102-311XPT063423. eCollection 2023.
This study aimed to analyze the physical activity trend of Brazilian schoolchildren and the associations with demographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral variables by using the Brazilian National Survey of School Health (PeNSE) in its four editions - 2009, 2012, 2015, and 2019. Data from students (13-17 years old) participating in the four editions of the PeNSE (n = 392,922) were used. We describe the percentage of active, mean, and percentile values of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity in minutes/week. Poisson's regression was adjusted for gender, age, skin color, goods score, and sedentary behavior (≥ 2 hours/day watching TV and ≥ 3 hours/day sitting time). As a limitation, the PeNSE/2009 sample refers only to the Brazilian capital cities. The percentage of active students decreased from 43.1% in 2009 to 18.2% in 2019. The mean moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity of PeNSE/2009 (mean = 318.4 minutes/week; 95%CI: 313.4-323.4) decreased 50% in 2019. In physical education, the weekly average in moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity of girls is less than 50 minutes and boys is greater than 60 minutes in the four editions of PeNSE, also 22.7% of girls reported (PeNSE/2019) not having taken physical education classes whereas the same thing is reported by 19.7% of boys. Sedentary behavior reduced regarding time watching TV, but sitting time increased by 50.1% (95%CI: 48.9-51.3) and 54% (95%CI: 53.1-54.9) between PeNSE/2009 and PeNSE/2019. As a consequence of the drop in physical activity levels, public policies that promote physical activity are necessary, including increasing physical education classes at school to at least three times a week.
本研究旨在利用巴西全国学校健康调查（PeNSE）的四个版本——2009年、2012年、2015年和2019年，分析巴西学童的身体活动趋势以及与人口统计学、社会经济和行为变量之间的关联。使用了参与PeNSE四个版本的学生（13 - 17岁）的数据（n = 392,922）。我们描述了每周分钟数的活跃学生百分比、中等至剧烈强度身体活动的平均值和百分位数。泊松回归针对性别、年龄、肤色、财富得分和久坐行为（每天看电视≥2小时且每天坐姿时间≥3小时）进行了调整。作为一个局限性，PeNSE/2009样本仅指巴西的首都城市。活跃学生的百分比从2009年的43.1%降至2019年的18.2%。PeNSE/2009的中等至剧烈强度身体活动平均值（平均值 = 318.4分钟/周；95%置信区间：313.4 - 323.4）在2019年下降了50%。在体育教育方面，在PeNSE的四个版本中，女孩每周中等至剧烈强度身体活动的平均时间少于50分钟，男孩则超过60分钟，同样在PeNSE/2019中，22.7%的女孩报告未上过体育课，而男孩的这一比例为19.7%。久坐行为在看电视时间方面有所减少，但在PeNSE/2009和PeNSE/2019之间，坐姿时间分别增加了50.1%（95%置信区间：48.9 - 51.3）和54%（95%置信区间：53.1 - 54.9）。由于身体活动水平下降，有必要制定促进身体活动的公共政策，包括将学校体育课增加到每周至少三次。
