Castelucci Carina Castelo, Oancea Sanda Cristina, Nucci Luciana Bertoldi
Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences - Campinas (SP), Brazil.
University of North Dakota, Public Health Program, Department of Population Health - Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States.
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2025 Mar 3;28:e250007. doi: 10.1590/1980-549720250007. eCollection 2025.
To assess the regular consumption of soft drinks among Brazilian adolescents according to sociodemographic characteristics, eating habits, and lifestyle.
This is a cross-sectional study using data from 118,497 adolescents from the 2019 National Survey of School Health (PeNSE), a population survey periodically carried out in Brazil. The prevalence of regular soft drinks consumption was estimated and, using Poisson regression analysis, the association of this consumption with variables related to eating habits and lifestyle (physical and sedentary activities, use of cigarette and alcohol) was verified.
The frequency of regular soft drinks consumption was 17.2% (95%CI 16.6-17.8%). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed an association between regular soft drinks consumption and: living in the Southeast and Midwest regions (PR=1.49 and PR=1.50), boys (PR=1.22), eating meals while using a screen on five or more days a week (PR=1.20), eating breakfast less than five days a week (PR=1.14), consuming sweets five or more days a week (PR=2.16), and consuming fast food three or more times a week (PR=2.28). Spending more than three hours a day in sedentary activities (PR=1.18) and cigarette use (PR=1.22) and binge drinking (PR=1.21) were also statistically and significantly associated with regular soft drinks consumption.
Adolescents' regular consumption of soft drinks is associated with the region of residence, sex, and unhealthy eating and lifestyle habits. Interventions to promote the reduction of regular soft drinks consumption among Brazilian adolescents should consider innovative strategies that include comprehensive public policies appropriate to the profile of adolescents.
根据社会人口学特征、饮食习惯和生活方式，评估巴西青少年软饮料的常规消费量。
这是一项横断面研究，使用了来自2019年全国学校健康调查（PeNSE）的118497名青少年的数据，该调查是巴西定期开展的一项人口调查。估计了软饮料常规消费的患病率，并通过泊松回归分析，验证了这种消费与饮食习惯和生活方式相关变量（体力活动和久坐活动、吸烟和饮酒）之间的关联。
软饮料常规消费的频率为17.2%（95%置信区间16.6 - 17.8%）。多元逻辑回归分析显示，软饮料常规消费与以下因素之间存在关联：居住在东南部和中西部地区（PR = 1.49和PR = 1.50）、男孩（PR = 1.22）、每周五天或更多天在使用屏幕时用餐（PR = 1.20）、每周吃早餐少于五天（PR = 1.14）、每周五天或更多天食用甜食（PR = 2.16）以及每周食用快餐三次或更多次（PR = 2.28）。每天久坐活动超过三小时（PR = 1.18）、吸烟（PR = 1.22）和暴饮（PR = 1.21）在统计学上也与软饮料常规消费显著相关。
青少年软饮料的常规消费与居住地区、性别以及不健康的饮食和生活方式习惯有关。促进巴西青少年减少软饮料常规消费的干预措施应考虑创新策略，包括适合青少年特点的全面公共政策。
