MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2023 Nov 17;72(46):1257-1261. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7246a2.
Multiple respiratory hazards have been identified in the cannabis cultivation and production industry, in which occupational asthma and work-related exacerbation of preexisting asthma have been reported. An employee working in a Massachusetts cannabis cultivation and processing facility experienced progressively worsening work-associated respiratory symptoms, which culminated in a fatal asthma attack in January 2022. This report represents findings of an Occupational Safety and Health Administration inspection, which included a worksite exposure assessment, coworker and next-of-kin interviews, medical record reviews, and collaboration with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health. Respiratory tract or skin symptoms were reported by four of 10 coworkers with similar job duties. Prevention is best achieved through a multifaceted approach, including controlling asthmagen exposures, such as cannabis dust, providing worker training, and conducting medical monitoring for occupational allergy. Evaluation of workers with new-onset or worsening asthma is essential, along with prompt diagnosis and medical management, which might include cessation of work and workers' compensation when relation to work exposures is identified. It is important to recognize that work in cannabis production is potentially causative.
在大麻种植和生产行业中已经确定了多种呼吸道危害，其中包括职业性哮喘和与工作相关的原有哮喘恶化。一名在马萨诸塞州大麻种植和加工设施工作的员工经历了逐渐恶化的与工作相关的呼吸道症状，最终在 2022 年 1 月导致致命的哮喘发作。本报告代表职业安全与健康管理局检查的结果，其中包括工作场所暴露评估、同事和近亲访谈、病历审查以及与马萨诸塞州公共卫生部的合作。有类似工作职责的 10 名同事中有 4 名报告出现呼吸道或皮肤症状。通过多方面的方法可以最好地预防，包括控制哮喘原暴露，如大麻粉尘，提供工人培训，并进行职业性过敏的医疗监测。对于新出现或恶化的哮喘患者进行评估至关重要，同时还需要及时诊断和医疗管理，这可能包括停止工作和支付工人赔偿金，如果确定与工作暴露有关。重要的是要认识到，大麻生产工作可能是致病原因。
