Energy and Transportation Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
PLoS One. 2023 Nov 16;18(11):e0294584. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294584. eCollection 2023.
Conducting ecological risk assessment of fragile ecological landscapes is a prerequisite for building an ecological security pattern and a necessary consideration for sustainable development. Engebei ecological demonstration zone is a typical ecologically fragile area located in the Kubuqi Desert. To explore the ecological status of Engebei, an ecological risk assessment model is used to assess its ecological risk, and the spatial correlation analysis is conducted based on the Moran index. The optimal grain size is obtained through grain size effect analysis, which is the foundation of landscape pattern analysis. The landscape ecological risk assessment model is constructed by the landscape indexes. Based on the division of small ecological risk zones, a spatial correlation analysis of ecological risks is conducted on Engebei. Results manifest that: (1) Overall, from 2005 to 2021, its spatial distribution features of landscape ecological risk level are relatively-high and high in the middle, and gradually reduce in the north-south direction, as shown below: the relatively-low ecological risk areas are widely spread, and the overall risk index decrease from 0.1944 to 0.1940; the area of low and high-level ecological risk areas show a decreasing trend, which decrease by 5.0102 km2 and 1.3132 km2 respectively; the area of relatively-low, middle, and relatively-high-level ecological risk areas increase by 0.2655 km2, 3.7803 km2, and 2.4852 km2, respectively. (2) The ecological risk value is correlated positively with spatial distribution, and the spatial aggregation forms are primarily low-low and high-high. (3) The ecological risk values in Engebei have a significant spatial correlation, and the spatial distribution shows a clustering effect, which is consistent with the spatial distribution. The study has certain reference value for the development and comprehensive regulation of ecological construction in Engebei, even in other ecologically fragile areas.
对脆弱生态景观进行生态风险评估是构建生态安全格局的前提，也是实现可持续发展的必要考虑。恩格贝生态示范区是位于库布其沙漠的一个典型生态脆弱区。为了探索恩格贝的生态状况，采用生态风险评估模型对其生态风险进行评估，并基于 Moran 指数进行空间相关分析。通过粒度效应分析得到最优的粒度，这是景观格局分析的基础。基于景观指数构建景观生态风险评估模型，对恩格贝的生态风险进行小尺度生态风险分区的空间相关性分析。结果表明：（1）整体上，2005 年至 2021 年，其景观生态风险水平的空间分布特征为中高和高，自北向南逐渐降低：相对低风险区分布广泛，整体风险指数从 0.1944 降低到 0.1940；低水平和高水平生态风险区面积呈下降趋势，分别减少了 5.0102km2 和 1.3132km2；相对低、中、相对高风险区面积分别增加了 0.2655km2、3.7803km2 和 2.4852km2。（2）生态风险值与空间分布呈正相关，空间聚集形式主要为低低和高高。（3）恩格贝的生态风险值具有显著的空间相关性，空间分布呈现集聚效应，与空间分布一致。该研究对恩格贝乃至其他生态脆弱地区的生态建设开发和综合调控具有一定的参考价值。
