船舶噪音会导致被标记的港湾鼠海豚改变方向或潜得更深。

Ship noise causes tagged harbour porpoises to change direction or dive deeper.

作者信息

Frankish Caitlin K, von Benda-Beckmann Alexander M, Teilmann Jonas, Tougaard Jakob, Dietz Rune, Sveegaard Signe, Binnerts Bas, de Jong Christ A F, Nabe-Nielsen Jacob

机构信息

Marine Mammal Research Section, Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark.

Acoustics and Sonar Research Group, Netherlands Organization for Applied and Scientific Research (TNO), The Hague, the Netherlands.

出版信息

Mar Pollut Bull. 2023 Dec;197:115755. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115755. Epub 2023 Nov 16.

DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115755

PMID:37976591

Abstract

Shipping is the most pervasive source of marine noise pollution globally, yet its impact on sensitive fauna remains unclear. We tracked 10 harbour porpoises for 5-10 days to determine exposure and behavioural reactions to modelled broadband noise (10 Hz-20 kHz, VHF-weighted) from individual ships monitored by AIS. Porpoises spent a third of their time experiencing ship noise above ambient, to which they regularly reacted by moving away during daytime and diving deeper during night. However, even ships >2 km away (noise levels of 93 ± 14 dB re 1 μPa) caused animals to react 5-9 % of the time (∼18.6 ships/day). Ships can thus influence the behaviour and habitat use of cetaceans over long distances, with worrying implications for fitness in coastal areas where anthropogenic noise from dense ship traffic repeatedly disrupt their natural behaviour.

摘要

航运是全球海洋噪声污染最普遍的来源，但其对敏感动物群的影响仍不明确。我们对10只港湾鼠海豚进行了5至10天的跟踪，以确定它们对通过自动识别系统（AIS）监测的各艘船舶模拟宽带噪声（10赫兹至20千赫，甚高频加权）的暴露情况和行为反应。鼠海豚有三分之一的时间处于高于环境噪声的船舶噪声环境中，它们对此的常规反应是在白天远离、在夜间潜得更深。然而，即使距离超过2公里的船舶（噪声水平为93±14分贝，相对于1微帕）也会导致动物在5%至9%的时间里产生反应（约每天18.6艘船）。因此，船舶能够在远距离影响鲸类动物的行为和栖息地利用，这对沿海地区的健康状况具有令人担忧的影响，因为密集船舶交通产生的人为噪声会反复干扰它们的自然行为。