Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
Shenzhen Nanshan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
BMC Microbiol. 2023 Nov 17;23(1):348. doi: 10.1186/s12866-023-03014-5.
The vaginal microbiome is a dynamic community of microorganisms in the vagina. Its alteration may be influenced by multiple factors, including gestational status, menstrual cycle, sexual intercourse, hormone levels, hormonal contraceptives, and vaginal drug administration. Povidone iodine has been used before delivery to reduce infection that may be caused by the ascendance of pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria from the vagina to the uterus. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of povidone iodine use during delivery on the vaginal microbiome.
This study enrolled a total of 67 women from maternity services in three hospitals. During the delivery process, we have applied povidone iodine in three doses such as low dose, medium dose, and high dose based on the amount of povidone iodine administered, thus, we studied the three groups of women based on the doses applied. Vaginal swab samples were collected both before and immediately after delivery, and the microbial communities were characterized using 16 S rRNA sequencing. The identification of differentially abundant microbial taxa was performed using ZicoSeq software.
Before delivery, the vaginal microbiome was dominated by the genus Lactobacillus, with different percentage observed (86.06%, 85.24%, and 73.42% for the low, medium, and high dose groups, respectively). After delivery, the vaginal microbial community was restructured, with a significant decrease in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus in all three groups (68.06%, 50.08%, and 25.89%), and a significant increase in alpha diversity across all 3 groups (P < 0.01). Furthermore, as the dose of povidone iodine used during delivery increased, there was a corresponding decrease in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus (P < 0.01). Contrary, there was an increase in microbial diversity and the relative abundances of Pseudomonas (0.13%, 0.26%, and 13.04%, P < 0.01) and Ralstonia (0.01%, 0.02%, and 16.07%, P < 0.01) across the groups. Notably, some functional metabolic pathways related to sugar degradation were observed to have significant change with increasing use of povidone iodine.
Povidone iodine was associated with the vaginal microbiome alterations after parturition, and its significant change was associated to the dosage of povidone iodine administered. The escalation in iodine dosage was linked to a decrease in Lactobacilli abundance, and elevated prevalence of Pseudomonas and Ralstonia. There is a need for longitudinal studies to clearly understanding the effect of povidone iodine use on maternal and infant microbiome.
阴道微生物群是阴道中微生物的动态群落。其变化可能受到多种因素的影响，包括妊娠状态、月经周期、性交、激素水平、激素避孕药和阴道给药。聚维酮碘在分娩前用于减少可能由阴道中致病性和机会性细菌上升到子宫引起的感染。本研究旨在阐明分娩过程中使用聚维酮碘对阴道微生物群的影响。
本研究共纳入来自三家医院产科服务的 67 名女性。在分娩过程中，我们根据聚维酮碘的用量将其分为低剂量、中剂量和高剂量三组，因此，我们根据应用的剂量对三组妇女进行了研究。在分娩前和分娩后立即采集阴道拭子样本，使用 16S rRNA 测序对微生物群落进行特征描述。使用 ZicoSeq 软件对差异丰度的微生物分类群进行鉴定。
分娩前，阴道微生物群以乳杆菌属为主，不同比例观察到（低、中、高剂量组分别为 86.06%、85.24%和 73.42%）。分娩后，阴道微生物群落被重新构建，所有三组的乳杆菌相对丰度均显著下降（68.06%、50.08%和 25.89%），所有三组的 alpha 多样性均显著增加（P<0.01）。此外，随着分娩时聚维酮碘用量的增加，乳杆菌的相对丰度相应下降（P<0.01）。相反，微生物多样性和假单胞菌（0.13%、0.26%和 13.04%，P<0.01）和罗尔斯通氏菌（0.01%、0.02%和 16.07%，P<0.01）的相对丰度增加。值得注意的是，观察到一些与糖降解相关的功能代谢途径发生了显著变化，且与聚维酮碘的使用量呈正相关。
聚维酮碘与分娩后阴道微生物群的改变有关，其显著变化与聚维酮碘的用量有关。碘剂量的增加与乳杆菌丰度的减少以及假单胞菌和罗尔斯通氏菌的流行率升高有关。需要进行纵向研究，以明确了解聚维酮碘使用对母婴微生物群的影响。
