Dahlmanns Matthias, Kaiser Franz, Witthaut Dirk
Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute for Energy and Climate Research (IEK-STE), 52428 Jülich, Germany and Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Cologne, 50937 Köln, Germany.
Phys Rev E. 2023 Oct;108(4-1):044302. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.108.044302.
Urban transport systems are gaining in importance, as an increasing share of the global population lives in cities and mobility-based carbon emissions must be reduced to mitigate climate change and improve air quality and citizens' health. As a result, public transport systems are prone to congestion, raising the question of how to optimize them to cope with this challenge. In this paper, we analyze the optimal design of urban transport networks to minimize the average travel time in monocentric as well as in polycentric cities. We suggest an elementary model for congestion and introduce a numerical method to determine the optimal shape among a set of predefined geometries considering different models for the behavior of individual travelers. We map out the optimal shape of fundamental network geometries with a focus on the impact of congestion.
城市交通系统正变得越来越重要，因为全球越来越多的人口居住在城市，并且必须减少基于出行的碳排放，以缓解气候变化、改善空气质量和市民健康。因此，公共交通系统容易拥堵，这就引发了如何对其进行优化以应对这一挑战的问题。在本文中，我们分析了城市交通网络的最优设计，以尽量减少单中心和多中心城市中的平均出行时间。我们提出了一个拥堵的基本模型，并引入了一种数值方法，以在考虑个体出行者行为的不同模型的情况下，在一组预定义的几何形状中确定最优形状。我们绘制出基本网络几何形状的最优形状，重点关注拥堵的影响。
