Department: Quality Assurance, Pharmacognosy, and Phytochemistry, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India.
Department: Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India.
Nitric Oxide. 2024 Jan 1;142:1-15. doi: 10.1016/j.niox.2023.11.003. Epub 2023 Nov 20.
Dietary nitrates (NO3-) are naturally occurring compounds in various vegetables, especially beetroot, which is mainly supplemented in the form of BRJ. Dietary nitrates (NO3-) play a crucial function in human physiology. On consumption, nitrates (NO3-) undergo a conversion process, producing nitric oxide (NO) via a complex metabolic pathway. Nitric oxide (NO) is associated with many physiological processes, entailing immune modulation, neurotransmission, and vasodilation, enabling blood vessel dilation and relaxation, which boosts blood flow and oxygen delivery to tissues, positively influencing cardiovascular health, exercise performance, and cognitive function. There are various analytical processes to determine the level of nitrate (NO3-) present in dietary sources. The impact of dietary nitrates (NO3-) can differ among individuals. Thus, the review revisits the dietary source of nitrates (NO3-), its metabolism, absorption, excretion, analytical techniques to assess nitrates (NO3-) content in various dietary sources, and discusses health effects.
膳食硝酸盐（NO3-）是各种蔬菜中天然存在的化合物，尤其是甜菜根，它主要以 BRJ 的形式补充。膳食硝酸盐（NO3-）在人体生理学中起着至关重要的作用。摄入后，硝酸盐（NO3-）通过复杂的代谢途径经历转化过程，产生一氧化氮（NO）。一氧化氮（NO）与许多生理过程相关，包括免疫调节、神经传递和血管舒张，使血管扩张和放松，从而增加血液流向组织的氧气输送，对心血管健康、运动表现和认知功能产生积极影响。有多种分析方法可用于确定饮食来源中硝酸盐（NO3-）的含量。膳食硝酸盐（NO3-）的影响在个体之间可能有所不同。因此，本文重新审视了硝酸盐（NO3-）的膳食来源、代谢、吸收、排泄、评估各种膳食来源中硝酸盐（NO3-）含量的分析技术，并讨论了其健康影响。
