Li Yuqing, Du Huiying, Wang Yunfei, Liang Junjun, Xiao Liantuan, Yi Wei, Ma Jie, Jia Suotang
State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
Nat Commun. 2023 Nov 20;14(1):7560. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-43204-3.
Quantum matter interacting with gauge fields, an outstanding paradigm in modern physics, underlies the description of various physical systems. Engineering artificial gauge fields in ultracold atoms offers a highly controllable access to the exotic many-body phenomena in these systems, and has stimulated intense interest. Here we implement a triangular flux ladder in the momentum space of ultracold Cs atoms, and study the chiral dynamics under tunable interactions. Through measurements of the site-resolved density evolutions, we reveal how the competition between interaction and flux in the frustrated triangular geometry gives rise to flux-dependent localization and biased chiral dynamics. For the latter in particular, the symmetry between the two legs is dynamically broken, which can be attributed to frustration. We then characterize typical dynamic patterns using complementary observables. Our work opens the avenue toward exploring correlated transport in frustrated geometries, where the interplay between interactions and gauge fields plays a key role.
量子物质与规范场相互作用是现代物理学中一个杰出的范例，是描述各种物理系统的基础。在超冷原子中设计人工规范场为研究这些系统中奇异的多体现象提供了一种高度可控的途径，并引发了强烈的兴趣。在此，我们在超冷铯原子的动量空间中实现了一个三角形磁通梯，并研究了可调相互作用下的手征动力学。通过测量位点分辨的密度演化，我们揭示了在受挫三角形几何结构中相互作用和磁通之间的竞争如何导致与磁通相关的局域化和有偏手征动力学。特别是对于后者，两条腿之间的对称性被动态打破，这可归因于受挫。然后，我们使用互补的可观测量来表征典型的动态模式。我们的工作为探索受挫几何结构中的相关输运开辟了道路，其中相互作用和规范场之间的相互作用起着关键作用。
