Du Huiying, Zhao Hongxing, Li Yuqing, Wang Yunfei, Li Rujiang, Wu Jizhou, Liu Wenliang, Zhang Yiqi, Xiao Liantuan, Jia Suotang, Ma Jie
State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics Technologies and Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
Light Sci Appl. 2025 Aug 28;14(1):296. doi: 10.1038/s41377-025-01997-6.
Exploring the interplay between topology and nonlinearity leads to an emerging field of nonlinear topological physics, which extends the study of fascinating properties of topological states to a regime where interactions between the particles cannot be neglected. For ultracold atomic systems, although many exotic topological states have been recently observed, the nonlinear effect remains elusive. Here, based on the laser-driven couplings of discrete atomic momentum states, we synthesize a topological trimer array, where the atomic interactions give rise to tunable nonlinearities. We observe the formation of nonlinear edge states in the density population evolution and participation ratio with increasing interaction, in contrast to the diffusive transport in a broad interaction range in nontopological arrays. Furthermore, we show the impact of interactions on the population distribution evolved from the initialized single-site population. Our work opens the avenue for exploring emergent nonlinear topological behaviors in ultracold atomic gases.
探索拓扑结构与非线性之间的相互作用催生了一个新兴的非线性拓扑物理领域，该领域将对拓扑态迷人特性的研究扩展到一个粒子间相互作用不可忽视的范围。对于超冷原子系统，尽管最近已观测到许多奇异的拓扑态，但非线性效应仍然难以捉摸。在此，基于离散原子动量态的激光驱动耦合，我们合成了一个拓扑三聚体阵列，其中原子间相互作用产生了可调谐的非线性。我们观察到，随着相互作用增强，在密度分布演化和参与率中形成了非线性边缘态，这与非拓扑阵列在宽相互作用范围内的扩散输运形成对比。此外，我们展示了相互作用对从初始单格点布居演化而来的布居分布的影响。我们的工作为探索超冷原子气体中涌现的非线性拓扑行为开辟了道路。
