Galassi Annette, Morgan Camille, Muha Catherine
Center for Global Health, U.S. National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, United States.
J Cancer Policy. 2018 Sep;17:34-37. doi: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2017.03.013. Epub 2017 Mar 27.
An increasing majority of new cancer cases and mortality occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Nurses provide most cancer care in LMICs, yet receive limited, if any, oncology education and training. To better understand the efforts taking place to address this need, the Center for Global Health (CGH) at the US National Cancer Institute (NCI) undertook a study of global oncology nursing projects at NCI-designated cancer centers. The 62 comprehensive and clinical NCI-designated cancer centers were surveyed about the nature and scope of their efforts in strengthening oncology nursing internationally. We received responses from 43 of the 62 cancer centers, with 21centers reporting a total of 29 projects. Twenty-three of 29 projects had involvement in an LMIC. The most common types of projects were research studies and short-term intensive trainings, most of which were for discrete tasks. Unsurprisingly, of the projects that had specific foci, most focused on breast or cervical cancer, and palliative care. Of the 22 projects that reported project costs, almost 90% were under $200,000 USD, suggesting that strengthening the global cancer workforce can be done with limited expense. While this study is limited to efforts of NCI-designated cancer centers, the findings reveal limited engagements in education and training of oncology nurses, who provide most of the cancer care in LMICs, but also provide tangible areas for strengthening this workforce and improving oncology care delivery.
越来越多的新增癌症病例和死亡发生在低收入和中等收入国家(LMICs)。在低收入和中等收入国家,护士提供了大部分癌症护理服务,但接受的肿瘤学教育和培训却非常有限,甚至没有。为了更好地了解为满足这一需求所做的努力,美国国立癌症研究所(NCI)的全球卫生中心(CGH)对NCI指定的癌症中心的全球肿瘤护理项目进行了一项研究。对62家NCI指定的综合和临床癌症中心进行了调查,了解它们在国际上加强肿瘤护理方面所做努力的性质和范围。我们收到了62家癌症中心中43家的回复,其中21家中心报告了总共29个项目。29个项目中有23个涉及低收入和中等收入国家。最常见的项目类型是研究和短期强化培训,其中大多数是针对特定任务的。不出所料,在有特定重点的项目中,大多数集中在乳腺癌或宫颈癌以及姑息治疗方面。在报告了项目成本的22个项目中,近90%的成本低于20万美元,这表明加强全球癌症护理人员队伍可以在有限的费用下实现。虽然这项研究仅限于NCI指定的癌症中心的努力,但研究结果显示,在肿瘤护士的教育和培训方面参与有限,而这些护士在低收入和中等收入国家提供了大部分癌症护理服务,但也为加强这支队伍和改善肿瘤护理服务提供了切实可行的领域。