转移性乳腺癌的支持性和姑息治疗:中低收入国家的资源配置。2013 年乳腺健康全球倡议共识声明。
Supportive and palliative care for metastatic breast cancer: resource allocations in low- and middle-income countries. A Breast Health Global Initiative 2013 consensus statement.
机构信息
University of Wisconsin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA.
出版信息
Breast. 2013 Oct;22(5):616-27. doi: 10.1016/j.breast.2013.07.052. Epub 2013 Aug 21.
Many women diagnosed with breast cancer in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) present with advanced-stage disease. While cure is not a realistic outcome, site-specific interventions, supportive care, and palliative care can achieve meaningful outcomes and improve quality of life. As part of the 5th Breast Health Global Initiative (BHGI) Global Summit, an expert international panel identified thirteen key resource recommendations for supportive and palliative care for metastatic breast cancer. The recommendations are presented in three resource-stratified tables: health system resource allocations, resource allocations for organ-based metastatic breast cancer, and resource allocations for palliative care. These tables illustrate how health systems can provide supportive and palliative care services for patients at a basic level of available resources, and incrementally add services as more resources become available. The health systems table includes health professional education, patient and family education, palliative care models, and diagnostic testing. The metastatic disease management table provides recommendations for supportive care for bone, brain, liver, lung, and skin metastases as well as bowel obstruction. The third table includes the palliative care recommendations: pain management, and psychosocial and spiritual aspects of care. The panel considered pain management a priority at a basic level of resource allocation and emphasized the need for morphine to be easily available in LMICs. Regular pain assessments and the proper use of pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions are recommended. Basic-level resources for psychosocial and spiritual aspects of care include health professional and patient and family education, as well as patient support, including community-based peer support.
许多在中低收入国家(LMICs)被诊断患有乳腺癌的女性呈现出晚期疾病。虽然治愈不是一个现实的结果,但针对特定部位的干预、支持性护理和姑息治疗可以实现有意义的结果,提高生活质量。作为第五届乳腺健康全球倡议(BHGI)全球峰会的一部分,一个国际专家小组确定了姑息治疗转移性乳腺癌的 13 项关键资源建议。这些建议在三个资源分层表中呈现:卫生系统资源分配、器官转移性乳腺癌的资源分配和姑息治疗的资源分配。这些表格说明了卫生系统如何在基本资源水平上为患者提供支持性和姑息性护理服务,并随着更多资源的提供逐步增加服务。卫生系统表包括卫生专业人员教育、患者和家属教育、姑息治疗模式和诊断测试。转移性疾病管理表提供了针对骨骼、大脑、肝脏、肺部和皮肤转移以及肠梗阻的支持性护理建议。第三张表包括姑息治疗建议:疼痛管理以及护理的心理社会和精神方面。专家组认为,在基本的资源分配水平上,疼痛管理是一个优先事项,并强调在中低收入国家应易于获得吗啡。建议定期进行疼痛评估,并正确使用药物和非药物干预措施。姑息治疗心理社会和精神方面的基本资源包括卫生专业人员和患者及家属教育,以及患者支持,包括社区为基础的同伴支持。
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