. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Pneumológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS - Porto Alegre (RS) Brasil.
. Residente Multiprofissional em Saúde da Criança, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre - HCPA - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS - Porto Alegre (RS) Brasil.
J Bras Pneumol. 2023 Nov 17;49(5):e20230151. doi: 10.36416/1806-3756/e20230151. eCollection 2023.
Currently, little is known about the long-term outcomes of COVID-19 in the pediatric population. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term clinical outcomes of pediatric patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
This was a prospective cohort study involving unvaccinated children and adolescents admitted to a tertiary hospital in southern Brazil with a COVID-19 diagnosis. Data were collected from electronic medical records for one year after the diagnosis.
A total of 66 children were included: the median age was 2.9 years; 63.6% were male; and 48.5% were under 2 years of age. Over 70% had at least one comorbidity prior to the COVID-19 diagnosis. During the one-year follow-up period, 59.1% of the children revisited the emergency department, 50% required readmission, and 15.2% died. Younger children with longer hospital stays were found to be at greater risk of readmission. Having cancer and impaired functionality were found to increase the risk of death within one year.
Our findings indicate that most children hospitalized with COVID-19 have comorbidities. Younger age at admission and a longer hospital stay seem to be risk factors for readmission. In addition, the presence of cancer and impaired functionality are apparently associated with the poor outcome of death within the first year after the diagnosis of COVID-19.
目前，人们对儿童群体中 COVID-19 的长期结局知之甚少。本研究旨在调查因 COVID-19 住院的儿科患者的长期临床结局。
这是一项前瞻性队列研究，纳入了巴西南部一家三级医院中未接种疫苗的 COVID-19 确诊住院的儿童和青少年。在确诊后一年，从电子病历中收集数据。
共纳入 66 例患儿：中位年龄为 2.9 岁；63.6%为男性；48.5%的患儿年龄在 2 岁以下。70%以上的患儿在 COVID-19 确诊前存在至少一种合并症。在为期一年的随访期间，59.1%的患儿再次就诊于急诊部，50%需要再次住院，15.2%死亡。住院时间较长的年龄较小的患儿更有可能再次住院。患有癌症和功能受损的患儿在一年内死亡的风险增加。
我们的研究结果表明，大多数因 COVID-19 住院的患儿都存在合并症。入院时年龄较小和住院时间较长似乎是再次住院的危险因素。此外，癌症和功能受损的存在与 COVID-19 确诊后第一年死亡的不良结局明显相关。
