Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Department of Critical Care Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Can J Public Health. 2024 Feb;115(1):26-39. doi: 10.17269/s41997-023-00823-z. Epub 2023 Nov 22.
COVID-19 transmission, emergence of variants of concern, and weakened immunity have led to recommended vaccine booster doses for COVID-19. Vaccine hesitancy challenges broad immunization coverage. We deployed a cross-national survey to investigate knowledge, beliefs, and behaviours toward continued COVID-19 vaccination.
We administered a national, cross-sectional online survey among adults in Canada between March 16 and March 26, 2022. We utilized descriptive statistics to summarize our sample, and tested for demographic differences, perceptions of vaccine effectiveness, recommended doses, and trust in decisions, using the Rao-Scott correction for weighted chi-squared tests. Multivariable logistic regression was adjusted for relevant covariates to identify sociodemographic factors and beliefs associated with vaccine hesitancy.
We collected 2202 completed questionnaires. Lower education status (high school: odds ratio (OR) 1.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.29, 2.81) and having children (OR 1.89, CI 1.39, 2.57) were associated with increased odds of experiencing hesitancy toward a booster dose, while higher income ($100,000-$149,999: OR 0.60, CI 0.39, 0.91; $150,000 or more: OR 0.49, CI 0.29, 0.82) was associated with decreased odds. Disbelief in vaccine effectiveness (against infection: OR 3.69, CI 1.98, 6.90; serious illness: OR 3.15, CI 1.69, 5.86), disagreeing with government decision-making (somewhat disagree: OR 2.70, CI 1.38, 5.29; strongly disagree: OR 4.62, CI 2.20, 9.7), and beliefs in over-vaccinating (OR 2.07, CI 1.53, 2.80) were found associated with booster dose hesitancy.
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy may develop or increase regarding subsequent vaccines. Our findings indicate factors to consider when targeting vaccine-hesitant populations.
COVID-19 的传播、关注变种的出现和免疫力减弱，导致建议接种 COVID-19 疫苗加强针。疫苗犹豫挑战了广泛的免疫接种覆盖率。我们进行了一项跨国调查，以调查对持续 COVID-19 疫苗接种的知识、信念和行为。
我们于 2022 年 3 月 16 日至 3 月 26 日期间在加拿大成年人中进行了一项全国性的、横断面的在线调查。我们使用描述性统计数据总结我们的样本，并使用 Rao-Scott 校正加权卡方检验测试人口统计学差异、疫苗有效性、推荐剂量和对决策的信任。多变量逻辑回归调整了相关协变量，以确定与疫苗犹豫相关的社会人口因素和信念。
我们共收集了 2202 份完整的问卷。较低的教育程度（高中：优势比（OR）1.90，95%置信区间（CI）1.29，2.81）和有孩子（OR 1.89，CI 1.39，2.57）与加强针接种的犹豫几率增加相关，而较高的收入（$100,000-$149,999：OR 0.60，CI 0.39，0.91；$150,000 或以上：OR 0.49，CI 0.29，0.82）与较低的几率相关。不相信疫苗的有效性（针对感染：OR 3.69，CI 1.98，6.90；严重疾病：OR 3.15，CI 1.69，5.86）、不同意政府决策（有些不同意：OR 2.70，CI 1.38，5.29；强烈不同意：OR 4.62，CI 2.20，9.7）以及过度接种的信念（OR 2.07，CI 1.53，2.80）与加强针接种的犹豫相关。
对于后续疫苗，COVID-19 疫苗犹豫可能会出现或增加。我们的研究结果表明，在针对疫苗犹豫人群时需要考虑这些因素。
