Viejo Casas Ana, Amado Diago Carlos, Agüero Calvo Juan, Gómez-Revuelta Marcos, Suarez Pinilla Paula, Ovejas Catalán Claudia, Fuentes Pérez Paloma, Ruiz Núñez Mario, Garrastazu López Roberto, Juncal Ruiz María, Crespo-Facorro Benedicto, Vázquez-Bourgon Javier
Pisueña-Cayón Primary Care Centre, Sarón, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain.
Institute of Biomedical Research Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain; Department of Pneumology, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain.
Span J Psychiatry Ment Health. 2025 Apr-Jun;18(2):111-115. doi: 10.1016/j.sjpmh.2023.10.004. Epub 2023 Nov 20.
Tobacco smoking has been described as the main cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and this habit is clearly more frequent among individuals with psychosis than in the general population, with rates reaching up to 60%. However, little attention has been focused on the association of COPD and psychosis. We aimed to explore the risk of presenting early lung function alterations in a group of individuals with psychosis.
Following an observational cross-sectional design we studied a cohort of individuals with established psychosis (N=128), and compared them with a sex, age, and smoking habit matched control group (N=79). We evaluated respiratory symptoms by means of mMRC, CAT and Dyspnea-12 scales. And lung function through spirometry tests.
Individuals with psychosis presented more respiratory symptoms than controls. Similarly, we observed significant differences in the lung function tests between these two groups, where individuals with psychosis presented worse results in most of the spirometry mean values (FEV or forced expiratory volume in the first one second: 3.29L vs. 3.75L, p<0.001; forced vital capacity or FVC: 4.25L vs. 4.72L, p=0.002; and FEV/FVC ratio: 0.78 vs. 0.80, p=0.052). Patients also presented worse values of lung diffusion, with lower diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) than controls (6.95 vs. 8.54mmol/min/kPa, p<0.001).
The individuals with psychosis in our study presented greater respiratory symptoms and poorer lung function measured through spirometry. These signs have been described as early signs of COPD.
吸烟被认为是慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的主要病因，而且在精神病患者中，这种习惯显然比普通人群更为常见，吸烟率高达60%。然而，很少有人关注COPD与精神病之间的关联。我们旨在探讨一组精神病患者出现早期肺功能改变的风险。
采用观察性横断面设计，我们研究了一组确诊为精神病的患者（N = 128），并将他们与性别、年龄和吸烟习惯相匹配的对照组（N = 79）进行比较。我们通过改良英国医学研究委员会（mMRC）问卷、慢性阻塞性肺疾病评估测试（CAT）和呼吸困难-12量表评估呼吸道症状。并通过肺量计测试评估肺功能。
精神病患者比对照组出现更多的呼吸道症状。同样，我们观察到这两组在肺功能测试中存在显著差异，精神病患者在大多数肺量计平均值方面表现更差（第1秒用力呼气量或FEV：3.29L对3.75L，p<0.001；用力肺活量或FVC：4.25L对4.72L，p = 0.002；FEV/FVC比值：0.78对0.80，p = 0.052）。患者的肺扩散值也更差，一氧化碳弥散量（DLCO）低于对照组（6.95对8.54mmol/min/kPa，p<0.001）。
我们研究中的精神病患者表现出更多的呼吸道症状，通过肺量计测量的肺功能也更差。这些体征被描述为COPD的早期体征。
