Zoological Institute, University of Kiel, Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
Zoological Institute, University of Kiel, Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
Curr Biol. 2023 Dec 18;33(24):5288-5303.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.10.038. Epub 2023 Nov 22.
Although recent studies indicate the impact of microbes on the central nervous systems and behavior, it remains unclear how the relationship between the functionality of the nervous system, behavior, and the microbiota evolved. In this work, we analyzed the eating behavior of Hydra, a host that has a simple nervous system and a low-complexity microbiota. To identify the neuronal subpopulations involved, we used a subpopulation-specific cell ablation system and calcium imaging. The role of the microbiota was uncovered by manipulating the diversity of the natural microbiota. We show that different neuronal subpopulations are functioning together to control eating behavior. Animals with a drastically reduced microbiome had severe difficulties in mouth opening due to a significantly increased level of glutamate. This could be reversed by adding a full complement of the microbiota. In summary, we provide a mechanistic explanation of how Hydra's nervous system controls eating behavior and what role microbes play in this.
尽管最近的研究表明微生物对中枢神经系统和行为有影响，但神经系统功能、行为和微生物组之间的关系如何演变仍不清楚。在这项工作中，我们分析了具有简单神经系统和低复杂性微生物组的宿主水螅的摄食行为。为了鉴定涉及的神经元亚群，我们使用了亚群特异性细胞消融系统和钙成像。通过操纵天然微生物组的多样性来揭示微生物组的作用。我们表明，不同的神经元亚群一起协同控制摄食行为。微生物组大大减少的动物由于谷氨酸水平显著增加而在开口方面有严重困难。通过添加完整的微生物组可以逆转这种情况。总之，我们提供了一种机制解释，说明水螅的神经系统如何控制摄食行为，以及微生物在其中扮演的角色。
