Wu Qi, Zhu Yiqi, Brevard Kanisha, Wu Shiyou, Krysik Judy
Arizona State University, School of Social Work.
Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis.
Child Youth Serv Rev. 2024 Jan;156. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.107279. Epub 2023 Oct 30.
African American children are disproportionately placed in kinship care, specifically with kin caregivers who have pressing service needs given their relatively poor physical and mental health, and low economic status. Kinship caregivers often face challenges, however, they also show resilience when raising relative children. Although the literature has examined risk and protective factors that affect kinship caregiving, no scoping review has been conducted to summarize these factors as they relate to African American kinship caregivers.
This study aims to summarize the risk and protective factors that affect African American kinship caregiving.
Twenty-six studies were identified from this scoping review. A data template was used to extract information on data/sample, research methods, and risk and protective factors.
This review found that the risk and protective factors in the identified studies can be summarized into four types: child, caregiver, relationship, and legal, cultural or social issues. Caregiver factors were examined from the perspective of physical and behavioral health, parenting, and resources. The most common risk factors were caregivers' low social economic status or great financial need, and caregivers' physical health. The most common protective factor was caregivers' spirituality or religion.
This review helps to better understand the risk and protective factors for African American kinship caregivers. Policies should be informed by African American kinship caregivers' unique qualities to provide useful cultural solutions. Evidence based interventions should be developed and provided to African American kinship caregivers to improve their parenting abilities and to provide them with additional resources and supports. Implications for child welfare research are also presented.
非裔美国儿童过多地被安置在亲属照料环境中，尤其是与那些因身心健康状况相对较差且经济地位较低而有迫切服务需求的亲属照料者在一起。亲属照料者常常面临挑战，然而，他们在抚养亲属的孩子时也展现出了适应力。尽管已有文献研究了影响亲属照料的风险和保护因素，但尚未进行范围综述来总结这些与非裔美国亲属照料者相关的因素。
本研究旨在总结影响非裔美国亲属照料的风险和保护因素。
通过此次范围综述确定了26项研究。使用数据模板提取有关数据/样本、研究方法以及风险和保护因素的信息。
本综述发现，已确定研究中的风险和保护因素可归纳为四类：儿童、照料者、关系以及法律、文化或社会问题。从身心健康、养育方式和资源等角度审视了照料者因素。最常见的风险因素是照料者社会经济地位低或经济需求大，以及照料者的身体健康状况。最常见的保护因素是照料者的精神信仰或宗教信仰。
本综述有助于更好地理解非裔美国亲属照料者的风险和保护因素。政策制定应考虑非裔美国亲属照料者的独特特质，以提供有效的文化解决方案。应开发基于证据的干预措施并提供给非裔美国亲属照料者，以提高他们的养育能力，并为他们提供额外的资源和支持。还阐述了对儿童福利研究的启示。
