Mirrafiei Amin, Jayedi Ahmad, Shab-Bidar Sakineh
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No. 44, Hojjat-dost Alley, Naderi St, Keshavarz Blvd, P. O. Box 14155/6117, Tehran, Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Food Funct. 2023 Dec 11;14(24):10667-10680. doi: 10.1039/d2fo04024g.
We aimed to conduct a comprehensive review of the association between dietary fiber and the risk of mortality. We did a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to November 2022 to find prospective cohort studies of the relationship between total and subtypes of dietary fiber and the risk of all-cause, cardiovascular (CVD), and cancer mortality in the general population. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were calculated using a random-effects model. A total of 28 studies with 1 613 885 participants were included. Higher intake of total and subtypes of dietary fiber including cereal, vegetable, legume, soluble, and insoluble fiber, but not fruit fiber, was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality, with HRs ranging from 0.77 for insoluble fiber to 0.93 for legume fiber. Similar findings were observed for CVD mortality, where higher intake of total and all subtypes of dietary fiber was each associated with a lower risk. Higher intake of total, cereal, vegetable, and insoluble fiber was also associated with a lower risk of cancer mortality. No association was found between the intake of fruit, legume, and soluble fiber and cancer mortality. Dose-response meta-analyses suggested an inverse association between total fiber intake and the risk of all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality. The certainty of evidence was rated moderate for the association of total fiber with all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality. In conclusion, our findings highlight the potential advantages of consuming a wide range of dietary fiber subtypes against all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality. Registry and registry number: PROSPERO (CRD42021226816).
我们旨在对膳食纤维与死亡风险之间的关联进行全面综述。截至2022年11月，我们在PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science中进行了系统检索，以查找关于膳食纤维总量及亚型与普通人群全因、心血管疾病（CVD）和癌症死亡风险之间关系的前瞻性队列研究。使用随机效应模型计算风险比（HRs）和95%置信区间（CIs）。共纳入28项研究，涉及1613885名参与者。膳食纤维总量及包括谷物、蔬菜、豆类、可溶性和不溶性纤维在内的亚型摄入量较高，但水果纤维摄入量与全因死亡风险较低相关，HRs范围从不溶性纤维的0.77到豆类纤维的0.93。对于CVD死亡也观察到类似结果，即膳食纤维总量及所有亚型摄入量较高均与较低风险相关。膳食纤维总量、谷物、蔬菜和不溶性纤维摄入量较高也与癌症死亡风险较低相关。未发现水果、豆类和可溶性纤维摄入量与癌症死亡之间存在关联。剂量反应荟萃分析表明总纤维摄入量与全因、CVD和癌症死亡风险之间呈负相关。总纤维与全因、CVD和癌症死亡关联的证据确定性被评为中等。总之，我们的研究结果突出了摄入多种膳食纤维亚型对预防全因、CVD和癌症死亡的潜在益处。注册信息及注册号：PROSPERO（CRD42021226816）。
