Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK.
Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Psychol Med. 2024 Jun;54(8):1559-1572. doi: 10.1017/S0033291723003409. Epub 2023 Nov 24.
The N100, an early auditory event-related potential, has been found to be altered in patients with psychosis. However, it is unclear if the N100 is a psychosis endophenotype that is also altered in the relatives of patients.
We conducted a family study using the auditory oddball paradigm to compare the N100 amplitude and latency across 243 patients with psychosis, 86 unaffected relatives, and 194 controls. We then conducted a systematic review and a random-effects meta-analysis pooling our results and 14 previously published family studies. We compared data from a total of 999 patients, 1192 relatives, and 1253 controls in order to investigate the evidence and degree of N100 differences.
In our family study, patients showed reduced N100 amplitudes and prolonged N100 latencies compared to controls, but no significant differences were found between unaffected relatives and controls. The meta-analysis revealed a significant reduction of the N100 amplitude and delay of the N100 latency in both patients with psychosis (standardized mean difference [s.m.d.] = -0.48 for N100 amplitude and s.m.d. = 0.43 for N100 latency) and their relatives (s.m.d. = - 0.19 for N100 amplitude and s.m.d. = 0.33 for N100 latency). However, only the N100 latency changes in relatives remained significant when excluding studies with affected relatives.
N100 changes, especially prolonged N100 latencies, are present in both patients with psychosis and their relatives, making the N100 a promising endophenotype for psychosis. Such changes in the N100 may reflect changes in early auditory processing underlying the etiology of psychosis.
N100 是一种早期听觉事件相关电位，已发现在精神病患者中发生改变。然而，目前尚不清楚 N100 是否是一种精神病的内表型，也存在于患者的亲属中。
我们采用听觉Oddball 范式进行了一项家族研究，比较了 243 名精神病患者、86 名未受影响的亲属和 194 名对照者的 N100 振幅和潜伏期。然后，我们进行了系统评价和随机效应荟萃分析，将我们的结果与 14 项先前发表的家族研究进行了汇总。我们比较了总共 999 名患者、1192 名亲属和 1253 名对照者的数据，以调查 N100 差异的证据和程度。
在我们的家族研究中，与对照组相比，患者的 N100 振幅降低，N100 潜伏期延长，但未受影响的亲属与对照组之间无显著差异。荟萃分析显示，精神病患者（N100 振幅的标准化均数差 [s.m.d.] = -0.48，N100 潜伏期的 s.m.d. = 0.43）及其亲属（N100 振幅的 s.m.d. = -0.19，N100 潜伏期的 s.m.d. = 0.33）的 N100 振幅降低和 N100 潜伏期延迟。然而，当排除了受影响亲属的研究后，仅亲属的 N100 潜伏期变化仍然具有统计学意义。
N100 的变化，特别是 N100 潜伏期延长，存在于精神病患者及其亲属中，使 N100 成为精神病的一个有前途的内表型。N100 中的这种变化可能反映了精神病发病机制中早期听觉处理的变化。
