Telesheva Klavdiya, Savenkova Valeria, Morozova Irina, Ochneva Aleksandra, Zeltser Angelina, Andreyuk Denis, Reznik Alexander, Mukhin Vladimir, Melkonyan Georgy, Lytkina Karine, Mitrofanov Andrey, Morozova Anna
Consort Psychiatr. 2024 Jul 6;5(2):31-44. doi: 10.17816/CP15512. eCollection 2024.
Studies suggest that the components of brain-evoked potentials (EPs) may serve as biomarkers of the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) caused by participation in combat operations; however, to date, research remains fragmented, with no studies that have attempted to combine different paradigms. In addition, the mismatch negativity component has not been studied in a Russian sample of veterans with PTSD.
To identify objective neurophysiological markers of combat-related PTSD using the method of auditory-evoked potentials in active and passive listening paradigms.
The study included a recording of auditory EPs in an oddball paradigm in three settings: 1) directed attention to auditory stimuli, 2) passive listening while viewing a neutral video sequence, and 3) viewing a video sequence associated with a traumatic event. Combatants diagnosed with PTSD (18 people) were compared with mentally healthy civilian volunteers (22 people).
An increase in the latency period of the early components of auditory EP (N100 and P200), an increase in the amplitude of the P200 component to a deviant stimulus, and a decrease to a standard one in the active listening paradigm were established in the PTSD group. There were no significant differences in the parameters of the P300 component. The characteristics of mismatch negativity in the passive paradigm were revealed: an increase in the phenomenon amplitude, both when shown a video sequence associated with a traumatic event and when shown a neutral video sequence. A binary logistic regression model constructed using the selected parameters showed that the identified characteristics can potentially be considered as diagnostic markers of PTSD in combatants, as the classification accuracy stood at 87% (sensitivity - 81%, specificity - 91%).
Potential neurophysiological markers of PTSD are the following: the amplitude and latency of early components of auditory EPs in the paradigm of directed attention to stimuli and the amplitude of mismatch negativity during passive attention.
研究表明，脑诱发电位（EPs）的组成部分可能作为参与战斗行动所致创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的生物标志物；然而，迄今为止，研究仍然零散，尚无研究尝试将不同范式结合起来。此外，尚未在俄罗斯PTSD退伍军人样本中研究失配负波成分。
使用主动和被动聆听范式中的听觉诱发电位方法，确定与战斗相关的PTSD的客观神经生理标志物。
该研究包括在三种情况下以Oddball范式记录听觉EPs：1）直接关注听觉刺激；2）观看中性视频序列时被动聆听；3）观看与创伤事件相关的视频序列。将被诊断为PTSD的战斗人员（18人）与心理健康的平民志愿者（22人）进行比较。
在PTSD组中，发现听觉EP早期成分（N100和P200）的潜伏期增加，在主动聆听范式中，对偏差刺激的P200成分幅度增加，对标准刺激的P200成分幅度降低。P300成分的参数没有显著差异。揭示了被动范式中失配负波的特征：在显示与创伤事件相关的视频序列和显示中性视频序列时，现象幅度均增加。使用所选参数构建的二元逻辑回归模型表明，所确定的特征有可能被视为战斗人员PTSD的诊断标志物，因为分类准确率为87%（敏感性 - 81%，特异性 - 91%）。
PTSD的潜在神经生理标志物如下：在对刺激的定向关注范式中听觉EPs早期成分的幅度和潜伏期，以及被动关注期间失配负波的幅度。
