Krasimira Aleksandrova, PhD, MPH, Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, BIPS Achterstr. 30, 28359 Bremen, E-mail:
J Nutr Health Aging. 2023;27(11):1109-1117. doi: 10.1007/s12603-023-2010-1.
We explored the prospective associations between adherence to a priori chosen dietary patterns, including EAT-Lancet (EAT-L) and Mediterranean (tMDS) diet with long-term inflammatory responses in a German population sample.
Prospective cohort study.
A subsample of 636 predominantly healthy participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam study who were on average 51-years old at baseline.
Data was collected repeatedly between 1994/1998 - 2013. At baseline (1994/1998) and 6.8-years later (2001/2005), EAT-L and tMDS scores were derived from available food frequency questionnaires. Stable high, stable low, increasing, and decreasing adherence to EAT-L and tMDS were defined as scoring above/below baseline median at baseline and 6.8-years later. Long-term chronic inflammation was assessed based on the average values of repeated measurements of two inflammatory biomarkers - chemerin and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) - in plasma samples collected between 2010/2012 and 2013. Multivariable linear regression analysis adjusted for socio-demographic and lifestyle factors at baseline and in 2010/2012 was used to assess the association between diet adherence and long-term hs-CRP and chemerin concentrations.
Stable high or increasing adherence to EAT-L diet compared to stable low adherence was associated with slight reduction of long-term chemerin concentrations on the long run (stable high: -4.4%; increasing: -4.0%), not reaching statistical significance. Increasing adherence to tMDS compared to stable low adherence was also associated with a minor reduction in chemerin concentrations (-3.6%). Decreasing adherence to tMDS compared stable high adherence was associated with 2.7% higher chemerin. The associations were even less pronounced when hs-CRP was used as an outcome.
Adherence to healthy and sustainable dietary patterns defined using existing definitions for EAT-L and tMDS were associated with minor and not statistically significant reduction in the concentrations of inflammatory biomarkers on the long run. More research is needed to explore whether following these diets may represent a suitable approach for targeted prevention in the general population.
我们在德国人群样本中探讨了先前选择的饮食模式（包括 EAT-Lancet [EAT-L] 和地中海饮食 [tMDS]）与长期炎症反应之间的前瞻性关联。
前瞻性队列研究。
欧洲癌症与营养前瞻性调查（EPIC）-波茨坦研究的一个亚组，平均年龄为 51 岁，基线时主要为健康参与者，共有 636 人。
数据在 1994/1998 年至 2013 年之间多次收集。在基线（1994/1998 年）和 6.8 年后（2001/2005 年），从现有的食物频率问卷中得出 EAT-L 和 tMDS 评分。稳定的高、稳定的低、增加和减少对 EAT-L 和 tMDS 的依从性定义为在基线和 6.8 年后评分高于/低于基线中位数。根据 2010/2012 年至 2013 年采集的血浆样本中两种炎症生物标志物——趋化素和高敏 C 反应蛋白（hs-CRP）的重复测量的平均值，评估长期慢性炎症。使用调整基线和 2010/2012 年社会人口统计学和生活方式因素的多变量线性回归分析，评估饮食依从性与长期 hs-CRP 和趋化素浓度之间的关系。
与稳定低依从性相比，稳定高或增加对 EAT-L 饮食的依从性与长期趋化素浓度的轻微降低相关（稳定高：-4.4%；增加：-4.0%），但无统计学意义。与稳定低依从性相比，增加对 tMDS 的依从性也与趋化素浓度略有降低（-3.6%）相关。与稳定高依从性相比，减少对 tMDS 的依从性与趋化素升高 2.7%相关。当 hs-CRP 作为结局时，这些关联甚至不太明显。
使用现有的 EAT-L 和 tMDS 定义来定义健康和可持续的饮食模式与长期炎症生物标志物浓度的轻微且无统计学意义的降低相关。需要进一步研究以探讨遵循这些饮食是否可能代表针对普通人群的靶向预防的一种合适方法。
