Rodríguez Núñez Sergio, Rubín-García María, Martín-Sánchez Vicente, Álvarez-Álvarez Laura, Molina Antonio José
Group of Investigation in Interactions Gene-Environment and Health (GIIGAS), Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, 24007 León, Spain.
Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Nutrients. 2025 Jun 15;17(12):2005. doi: 10.3390/nu17122005.
This article aims to provide an updated overview of the scientific knowledge regarding the interplay between the Mediterranean diet (MedD), sustainability, and cardiovascular and metabolic health.
A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, succeeded by a narrative synthesis of data extracted from original research articles in English and Spanish. These articles, indexed in the Scopus and PubMed databases from inception to 31 December 2024, addressed the relationship between MedD, sustainability, and cardiovascular and metabolic health. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed for bias using the JBI critical appraisal tools. This review was registered in PROSPERO (ID CRD42024476408).
The search identified 11 relevant articles. A primary focus on obesity was evident (nine articles), followed by chronic inflammation and metabolic syndrome (two articles each), and cardiovascular health (one article). Regarding sustainability, climate change was the most frequently addressed concern (eight articles).
A clear trend emerged, indicating a direct association between environmental sustainability, positive health outcomes, and adherence to the MedD. These findings underscore the benefits of the MedD, demonstrating its potential not only to reduce the environmental impact but also to improve health markers such as BMI, metabolic syndrome risk, and chronic inflammation levels.
本文旨在提供关于地中海饮食（MedD）、可持续性以及心血管和代谢健康之间相互作用的科学知识的最新概述。
按照PRISMA指南进行了系统综述，随后对从英文和西班牙文原始研究文章中提取的数据进行了叙述性综合分析。这些文章发表于Scopus和PubMed数据库，时间跨度从数据库建立至2024年12月31日，探讨了MedD、可持续性以及心血管和代谢健康之间的关系。使用JBI批判性评价工具评估纳入研究的方法学质量是否存在偏倚。本综述已在PROSPERO（注册号CRD42024476408）注册。
检索到11篇相关文章。明显主要聚焦于肥胖（9篇文章），其次是慢性炎症和代谢综合征（各2篇文章），以及心血管健康（1篇文章）。关于可持续性，气候变化是最常涉及的问题（8篇文章）。
出现了一个明显的趋势，表明环境可持续性、积极的健康结果与坚持MedD之间存在直接关联。这些发现强调了MedD的益处，表明其不仅有可能减少对环境的影响，还能改善诸如体重指数、代谢综合征风险和慢性炎症水平等健康指标。
