Novak Babič Monika, Marolt Gregor, Imperl Jernej, Breskvar Martin, Džeroski Sašo, Gunde-Cimerman Nina
Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
J Fungi (Basel). 2023 Nov 6;9(11):1086. doi: 10.3390/jof9111086.
Safe drinking water is a constant challenge due to global environmental changes and the rise of emerging pathogens-lately, these also include fungi. The fungal presence in water greatly varies between sampling locations. Little is known about fungi from water in combination with a selection of materials used in water distribution systems. Our research was focused on five water plants located in the Pannonian Plain, Slovenia. Sampled water originated from different natural water sources and was subjected to different cleaning methods before distribution. The average numbers of fungi from natural water, water after disinfection, water at the first sampling point in the water network, and water at the last sampling point were 260, 49, 64, and 97 CFU/L, respectively. Chlorination reduced the number of fungi by a factor of 5, but its effect decreased with the length of the water network. The occurrence of different fungi in water and on materials depended on the choice of material. The presence of the genera , , , , and was mostly observed on cement, while , , , and prevailed on metals. Plastic materials were more susceptible to colonization with basidiomycetous fungi. Opportunistically pathogenic fungi were isolated sporadically from materials and water and do not represent a significant health risk for water consumers. In addition to cultivation data, physico-chemical features of water were measured and later processed with machine learning methods, revealing the sampling location and water cleaning processes as the main factors affecting fungal presence and richness in water and materials in contact with water.
由于全球环境变化和新出现病原体的增加，安全饮用水一直是一项挑战——最近，这些病原体还包括真菌。不同采样地点水中的真菌存在情况差异很大。关于水中真菌与水分配系统中使用的一系列材料的组合情况，我们了解得很少。我们的研究集中在斯洛文尼亚潘诺尼亚平原的五家水厂。采样的水来自不同的天然水源，在分配前经过了不同的净化方法。天然水、消毒后水、水网中第一个采样点的水和最后一个采样点的水中真菌的平均数量分别为260、49、64和97 CFU/L。氯化处理使真菌数量减少了5倍，但其效果随着水网长度的增加而降低。水中和材料上不同真菌的出现取决于材料的选择。在水泥上大多观察到属、属、属、属和属的存在，而在金属上占优势的是属、属、属和属。塑料材料更容易被担子菌真菌定殖。机会致病性真菌偶尔从材料和水中分离出来，对用水者不构成重大健康风险。除了培养数据外，还测量了水的物理化学特征，随后用机器学习方法进行处理，结果表明采样地点和水的净化过程是影响水中以及与水接触的材料中真菌存在和丰富度的主要因素。
