Protective effect of glucan-enhanced macrophage function in experimental pancreatitis.

In an effort to assess the impact of enhanced macrophage function in acute pancreatitis, mice were subjected to a choline-deficient diet supplemented by ethionine to induce necrotizing pancreatitis. Treatment with the macrophage stimulant glucan resulted in improved survival rates (58 percent versus 14 percent) and maintenance of pancreatic architecture. Glucan treatment also resulted in decreased plasma and peritoneal trypsin activity, as well as increased trypsin-binding activity in the blood and peritoneal cavity. Plasma interleukin-1, as well as macrophage production of interleukin-1, were increased in the glucan-treated mice, which indicated enhanced macrophage function. These composite findings suggest that by enhancing diverse aspects of reticuloendothelial function, clinical use of immunomodulators may have significant impact on the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis.