Allan Sandra A
United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, 1700 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.
Insects. 2023 Oct 28;14(11):838. doi: 10.3390/insects14110838.
Corn silk flies, or picture-winged flies (Diptera: Ulidiidae), are important pests of fresh market sweet corn in commercial production areas in southern Florida. Issues with pest management related to insecticide resistance, problems in insecticide application, and alternate crop population sources constitute a significant challenge for the protection of developing corn ears. Developed larvae leave cobs and pupate in the soil; however, relatively little is known about these behaviors. In this study, two soil types collected from fields were compared with sand under six different moisture levels in the laboratory to determine the pupation depths of the larvae. Comparisons were carried out concerning the pupation depth of and , which are major pest species in Florida. Both soil type (muck, loamy sand, and sand) and moisture levels (0, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100% field holding capacity) significantly affected pupation depth, with shallow pupation observed under dry or saturated wet conditions. The addition of structures such as pipe cleaners simulating corn roots resulted in deeper pupation under most conditions.
玉米丝蝇，即花翅蝇（双翅目：突眼蝇科），是佛罗里达州南部商业生产区鲜食甜玉米的重要害虫。与抗药性相关的害虫管理问题、杀虫剂施用问题以及替代作物种群来源，对保护发育中的玉米穗构成了重大挑战。发育成熟的幼虫离开玉米穗并在土壤中化蛹；然而，人们对这些行为了解相对较少。在本研究中，在实验室里将从田间采集的两种土壤类型与沙子在六种不同湿度水平下进行比较，以确定幼虫的化蛹深度。对佛罗里达州主要害虫种类玉米丝蝇和玉米穗蝇的化蛹深度进行了比较。土壤类型（腐殖土、砂壤土和沙子）和湿度水平（0、10、25、50、75、100% 田间持水量）均显著影响化蛹深度，在干燥或饱和湿润条件下观察到浅化蛹现象。在大多数情况下，添加诸如模拟玉米根的管道清洁器等结构会导致更深的化蛹。
