衰老的内皮细胞通过增强脂肪酸氧化维持其衰老相关分泌表型(SASP)。
Senescent Endothelial Cells Sustain Their Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) through Enhanced Fatty Acid Oxidation.
作者信息
Giuliani Angelica, Giudetti Anna Maria, Vergara Daniele, Del Coco Laura, Ramini Deborah, Caccese Sara, Sbriscia Matilde, Graciotti Laura, Fulgenzi Gianluca, Tiano Luca, Fanizzi Francesco Paolo, Olivieri Fabiola, Rippo Maria Rita, Sabbatinelli Jacopo
机构信息
Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit of Bari Institute, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 70124 Bari, Italy.
Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
出版信息
Antioxidants (Basel). 2023 Nov 2;12(11):1956. doi: 10.3390/antiox12111956.
Cellular senescence is closely linked to endothelial dysfunction, a key factor in age-related vascular diseases. Senescent endothelial cells exhibit a proinflammatory phenotype known as SASP, leading to chronic inflammation (inflammaging) and vascular impairments. Albeit in a state of permanent growth arrest, senescent cells paradoxically display a high metabolic activity. The relationship between metabolism and inflammation is complex and varies across cell types and senescence inductions. While some cell types shift towards glycolysis during senescence, others favor oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Despite the high availability of oxygen, quiescent endothelial cells (ECs) tend to rely on glycolysis for their bioenergetic needs. However, there are limited data on the metabolic behavior of senescent ECs. Here, we characterized the metabolic profiles of young and senescent human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to establish a possible link between the metabolic status and the proinflammatory phenotype of senescent ECs. Senescent ECs internalize a smaller amount of glucose, have a lower glycolytic rate, and produce/release less lactate than younger cells. On the other hand, an increased fatty acid oxidation activity was observed in senescent HUVECs, together with a greater intracellular content of ATP. Interestingly, blockade of glycolysis with 2-deoxy-D-glucose in young cells resulted in enhanced production of proinflammatory cytokines, while the inhibition of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), a key rate-limiting enzyme of fatty acid oxidation, ameliorated the SASP in senescent ECs. In summary, metabolic changes in senescent ECs are complex, and this research seeks to uncover potential strategies for modulating these metabolic pathways to influence the SASP.
细胞衰老与内皮功能障碍密切相关,内皮功能障碍是与年龄相关的血管疾病的关键因素。衰老的内皮细胞表现出一种称为衰老相关分泌表型(SASP)的促炎表型,导致慢性炎症(炎症衰老)和血管损伤。尽管处于永久生长停滞状态,但衰老细胞却反常地表现出高代谢活性。代谢与炎症之间的关系很复杂,并且因细胞类型和衰老诱导方式而异。虽然一些细胞类型在衰老过程中转向糖酵解,但其他细胞类型则倾向于氧化磷酸化(OXPHOS)。尽管氧气供应充足,但静止的内皮细胞(ECs)倾向于依靠糖酵解来满足其生物能量需求。然而关于衰老ECs代谢行为的数据有限。在此,我们对年轻和衰老的人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)的代谢谱进行了表征,以建立衰老ECs的代谢状态与促炎表型之间的可能联系。衰老的ECs摄取的葡萄糖量较少,糖酵解速率较低,并且比年轻细胞产生/释放的乳酸更少。另一方面,在衰老的HUVECs中观察到脂肪酸氧化活性增加,同时细胞内ATP含量更高。有趣的是,用2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖阻断年轻细胞中的糖酵解会导致促炎细胞因子的产生增加,而抑制脂肪酸氧化的关键限速酶肉碱棕榈酰转移酶1(CPT1)则可改善衰老ECs中的SASP。总之,衰老ECs中的代谢变化很复杂,本研究旨在揭示调节这些代谢途径以影响SASP的潜在策略。