Santonocito Debora, Campisi Agatina, Pellitteri Rosalia, Sposito Giovanni, Basilicata Manuela Giovanna, Aquino Giovanna, Pepe Giacomo, Sarpietro Maria Grazia, Pittalà Maria Gaetana Giovanna, Schoubben Aurelie, Pignatello Rosario, Puglia Carmelo
Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
NANOMED-Research Center on Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
Pharmaceutics. 2023 Nov 2;15(11):2573. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112573.
Tomato by-products represent a good source of phytochemical compounds with health properties, such as the steroidal glycoalkaloid α-tomatine (α-TM) and its aglycone tomatidine (TD). Both molecules have numerous beneficial properties, such as potential anticancer activity. Unfortunately, their therapeutic application is limited due to stability and bioavailability issues. Therefore, a valid strategy seems to be their encapsulation into Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN). The nanoformulations containing α-TM (α-TM-SLN) and TD (TD-SLN) were prepared by technique and subsequently characterized in terms of technological parameters (particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, microscopy, and calorimetric studies). To assess the effect of α-TM and TD on the percentage of cellular viability in Olfactory Ensheathing Cells (OECs), a peculiar glial cell type of the olfactory system used as normal cells, and in SH-SY5Y, a neuroblastoma cancer cell line, an MTT test was performed. In addition, the effects of empty, α-TM-SLN, and TD-SLN were tested. Our results show that the treatment of OECs with blank-SLN, free α-TM (0.25 µg/mL), and TD (0.50 µg/mL) did not induce any significant change in the percentage of cell viability when compared with the control. In contrast, in SH-SY5Y-treated cells, a significant decrease in the percentage of cell viability when compared with the control was found. In particular, the effect appeared more evident when SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to α-TM-SLN and TD-SLN. No significant effect in blank-SLN-treated SH-SY5T cells was observed. Therefore, SLN is a promising approach for the delivery of α-TM and TD.
番茄副产品是具有健康特性的植物化学化合物的良好来源,例如甾体糖生物碱α-番茄碱(α-TM)及其苷元番茄胺(TD)。这两种分子都具有许多有益特性,如潜在的抗癌活性。不幸的是,由于稳定性和生物利用度问题,它们的治疗应用受到限制。因此,一个有效的策略似乎是将它们包封到固体脂质纳米粒(SLN)中。通过该技术制备了含有α-TM(α-TM-SLN)和TD(TD-SLN)的纳米制剂,随后根据技术参数(粒径、多分散指数、zeta电位、显微镜检查和量热研究)对其进行了表征。为了评估α-TM和TD对嗅鞘细胞(OECs,一种用作正常细胞的嗅觉系统特殊神经胶质细胞类型)和神经母细胞瘤癌细胞系SH-SY5Y细胞活力百分比的影响,进行了MTT试验。此外,还测试了空白、α-TM-SLN和TD-SLN的效果。我们的结果表明,与对照组相比,用空白SLN、游离α-TM(0.25μg/mL)和TD(0.50μg/mL)处理OECs不会引起细胞活力百分比的任何显著变化。相反,在SH-SY5Y处理的细胞中,与对照组相比发现细胞活力百分比显著降低。特别是,当SH-SY5Y细胞暴露于α-TM-SLN和TD-SLN时,这种效果显得更明显。在空白SLN处理的SH-SY5T细胞中未观察到显著影响。因此,SLN是一种有前途的α-TM和TD递送方法。